مقایسه توان تولید زیست‌توده و جذب و انتقال کادمیوم در سه رقم کلم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه زنجان

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی توان تولید زیست‌توده و جذب و انتقال کادمیوم در سه رقم کلم آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در شرایط گلخانه اجرا گردید. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل شش سطح آلودگی خاک به کادمیوم (صفر، 5، 10، 25، 50 و 100 میلی‌گرم کادمیوم بر کیلوگرم خاک) از منبع سولفات کادمیوم [3Cd(SO4)×8H2O] و سه رقم کلم(Brassica oleracea var. acephala L., Brassica oleracea var. italica L. & Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.)بودند که در سه تکرار مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که سطوح کادمیوم اثر معنی‌داری در سطح احتمال یک درصد (P<0.01) بر عملکرد تر و خشک، وزن خشک ریشه، ساقه و برگ، سطح برگ و شاخص کلروفیل برگ هر سه رقم کلم داشتند. با افزایش سطح کادمیوم خاک، انباشت کادمیوم در ریشه، ساقه و برگ رقم‌های کلم به‌طور معنی‌داری (P<0.01) افزایش یافت. ریشه غلظت کادمیوم بیش‌تری نسبت به اندام‌های هوایی داشت و در بالاترین سطح کادمیوم خاک (100 میلی‌گرم کادمیوم بر کیلوگرم خاک) غلظت کادمیوم ریشه در کلم برگ 28 برابر، در کلم بروکلی 12 برابر و در کلم زینتی 4 برابر غلظت کادمیوم برگ بود. بیش‌ترین مقدار کادمیوم جذب شده متعلق به کلم برگ (45/1 میلی‌گرم در گلدان) بود و کلم بروکلی (79/0 میلی‌گرم در گلدان) و کلم زینتی (35/0 میلی‌گرم در گلدان) به ترتیب در مکان‌های بعدی قرار گرفتند. در هر سه رقم کلم بیش‌ترین مقدار جذب کادمیوم در سطح 100 میلی‌گرم کادمیوم در کیلوگرم خاک و کم‌ترین مقدار جذب کادمیوم در تیمار شاهد (بدون کادمیوم) اندازه‌گیری گردید. فاکتور انتقال برای هر سه رقم کلم کم‌تر از یک و فاکتور تجمع زیستی بیش‌تر از یک بود. بر اساس یافته‌های این پژوهش می‌توان گفت هر سه رقم کلم برگ، کلم بروکلی و کلم زینتی جزء گیاهان اجتناب کننده عنصر کادمیوم طبقه‌بندی می‌شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Biomass Production and Cadmium Accumulation and Translocation in Three Varieties of Cabbage

نویسندگان [English]

  • Samaneh Abdollahi
  • Ahmad Golchin
The university of Zanjan
چکیده [English]

To evaluate biomass production and cadmium (Cd) accumulation and translocation in three varieties of cabbage a factorial pot experiment with completely randomized design and three replications was performed in the greenhouse. Experimental treatments consisted of six levels of soil contamination to Cd (0, 10, 25, 50, and 100 mg Cd/kg soil from the cadmium sulfate [3Cd(SO4)×8H2O] source) and three varieties of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. acephala L., Brassica oleracea var. italica L. & Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) which were examined in triplicate. The Analysis of variance of data showed that the treatments had significant effects (P<0.01) on the fresh and dry weights of plant biomass, dry weights of root, stem and leaf, leaf surface and the leaf chlorophyll index of all the varieties of the cabbage. With the increase in the levels of soil Cd, the accumulation of Cd in the root, stem and leaf of the cabbage varieties significantly increased and the Cd concentration of the root was more than the aerial parts. So that in cabbage, broccoli and ornamental cabbage, at the highest level of soil Cd (100 mg/kg soil), the Cd concentration of root was respectively 28, 12 and 4 times greater than that of leaf. The highest Cd uptake was belonged to the cabbage (1.45 mg per plot) and the broccoli cabbage (0.79 mg per plot) and the ornamental cabbage (0.35 mg per plot) were in second and third places respectively. In all varieties of cabbage the highest Cd uptake was measured for the treatment with the highest level of soil cadmium (100 mg/kg soil) the lowest Cd uptake was observed in the control treatment. The translocation factor for all varieties of cabbage was less than one and the bioconcentration factor was more than one. The cabbage varieties were classified as cadmium excluder plants.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Accumulation
  • Uptake
  • Translocation Factor
  • Bioconcentration Factor
  • Phytoremediation
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