برآورد حقابۀ زیست‌محیطی رودخانۀ قطورچای با استفاده از روش‌های هیدرولوژیکی و اکوهیدرولوژیکی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش ‏آموختۀ کارشناس ارشد سازه‏ های آبی، گروه مهندسی آب دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

2 استادیار، گروه مهندسی آب دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

تخصیص حقابۀ زیست‏محیطی رودخانه‏ها به‏عنوان حلقۀ مفقوده در مدیریت پایدار منابع آب در ایران، ضرورتی ‏انکارناپذیر برای حفظ اکوسیستم‏های موجود در حوضه‏های آبریز کشور و همچنین جلوگیری از مرگ تالاب‏ها و دریاچه‏های منتهی به رودخانه‏هاست. در این مقاله حقابۀ زیست‏محیطی رودخانۀ قطورچای، که از زیرحوضه‏های مهم حوضۀ آبریز ارس است، با استفاده از چهار روش هیدرولوژیکی شامل تنانت، تسمن، شاخص تداوم جریان، اسمختین و دو روش اکوهیدرولوژیکی شامل تغییر منحنی تداوم جریان و مدل ذخیرۀ رومیزی مطالعه شد. از بین روش‏های یادشده، روش تغییر منحنی تداوم جریان در کلاس اکولوژیکی C عمدتاً به علت سازگاری بیشتر با شرایط هیدرولوژیکی و اکولوژیکی نسبت به سایر روش‏ها و با توجه به درنظرگرفتن محدودیت‏های اکولوژیکی منطقۀ مطالعه‌شده و انعطاف‏پذیری آن در ماه‏های کم‏آبی و پرآبی به‏عنوان روش مناسب انتخاب شد. نتایج نشان داد برای حفظ حیات رودخانۀ قطورچای در کمترین وضعیت اکولوژیکی قابل‏ قبول (کلاس مدیریت زیست‏محیطی C)، باید شدت‏ جریان متوسط سالیانه 94/6 مترمکعب بر ثانیه) معادل با 48 درصد جریان طبیعی رودخانه) در داخل رودخانه جریان داشته باشد. بررسی‏های انجام‌شده نشان داد به‏طور متوسط سالانه 5/6 متر‏مکعب در ثانیه آب از رودخانۀ قطورچای وارد رودخانۀ ارس می‏‌شود که این میزان تقریباً معادل با حقابۀ زیست‏محیطی محاسبه‏شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of Ghoturchay River Environmental Water Right Using Hydrological and Eco-Hydrological Methods

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeid Habibi Alagoz 1
  • Mohammad Taghi Sattari 2
1 M.Sc of hydraulic structure, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture Urmia University
2 Department of Water Engineering, Agriculture Faculty, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Allocation of rivers environmental water right as missing link in sustainable water resources management in Iran is undeniable necessity to preserve existing ecosystems in its catchments and preventing the death of wetlands and lakes which have been feeding by the rivers. In this paper environmental Water right for Ghoturchay River, important sub basin watershed of Aras river, have been studied using 4 hydrological Methods (Tennant, Tessman, flow duration indicators, Smakhtin), and 2 eco-hydrological methods (Flow Duration Curve Shifting (FDCs) and Desktop Reserve Model (DRM)). Among these methods, FDCs in ecological class C has been chosen as an appropriate method because it’s had more adaptation to hydrological and ecological conditions of studied region than other methods and considering ecological limitations and its flexibility in wet and dry months. In order to maintain the Ghoturchay River at minimum acceptable environmental status (i.e. Class C of environmental management), average annual flows of 6.94 m3/s (48% natural flow of the River) are to flow in it. This study showed that, average annual flows of 6.5 m3/s arrives at the Aras River, which is approximately equal to the environmental water rights.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Environmental water rights
  • Hydrological Method
  • Eco-hydrological Method
  • Flow Duration Curve Shifting
  • Ghoturchay River

مراجع

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اکوهیدرولوژی
دوره 5، شماره 2
تیر 1397
صفحه 511-523

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 01 تیر 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 08 شهریور 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 14 دی 1396

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