بررسی تأثیر ویژگی‌های ادراک‌شده کودهای زیستی بر مصرف آن‌ها در بین کشاورزان (مورد مطالعه: روستای ینگیجه، شهرستان زنجان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری توسعه کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 استادیار سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

3 دانش‌آموخته دکتری ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

ویژگی­های ادراک­شده نوآوری به‌عنوان مؤلفه­ها­­یی محسوب می­شوند که پذیرش یک نوآوری را تحت تأثیر قرار می­دهند. بر این اساس، پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثر ویژگی­های ادراک­شده کودهای زیستی، بر مصرف این کودها در روستای ینگیجه از بخش مرکزی شهرستان زنجان انجام شد. جامعه آماری این پیمایش شامل تمامی کشاورزان فعال در این روستا (313=N) بود که 161 نفر از آنان به روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. معیار تعیین حجم نمونه، متناسب با حجم نمونه مورد نیاز برای استفاده از تکنیک­های چندمتغیری آماری بود که البته بر اساس فرمول کوکران نیز بسندگی حجم نمونه تأیید شد. به­منظور جمع‌آوری داده­ها از پرسشنامه­ای استفاده شد که روایی آن توسط صاحب­نظران و پایایی آن از طریق محاسبه آلفای کرونباخ (برای بخش­های مختلف بالاتر از 7/0) مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. فن تحلیل تشخیصی به روش گام به گام برای بررسی اثر ویژگی‏های نوآوری شامل «سازگاری ادراک‌شده»، «رؤیت‌پذیری ادراک­شده»، «پیچیدگی ادراک­شده»، «آزمون‌پذیری ادراک­شده» و «مزیت نسبی ادراک­شده» بر مصرف کودهای زیستی استفاده شد. نتایج حاصل از تحلیل تشخیصی نشان داد که «مزیت نسبی ادراک‌شده» به‌عنوان تنها ویژگی کودهای زیستی است که توانست کشاورزان گروه «مصرف­کننده» را از کشاورزانی که این کودها را مصرف نمی­کنند، متمایز نماید. سایر متغیرهای وارد شده به تابع تشخیصی فاقد توان تشخیصی قابل قبول برای تفکیک سطوح متغیر «مصرف کود» بودند. ممکن است کشاورزان مختلف به­دلیل تفاوت‏هایی که از نظر شرایط مالی، فنی و مهارتی­شان داشته‏اند؛ ادراک متفاوتی از ویژگی­های کودهای زیستی پیدا کرده باشند. بنابراین پیشنهاد می­شود در مطالعات آتی اثر ویژگی­های فردی- اجتماعی کشاورزان توأم با ویژگی­های ادراکی آنان از نوآوری مد نظر قرار گیرد.  

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