با همکاری انجمن علمی گیاهان دارویی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه تربت حیدریه

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد اقتصادکشاورزی، دانشگاه تربت‌حیدریه

چکیده

تغییرات آب و هوایی، یکی از جدی­ترین چالش ­های زیست­ محیطی است و اثرات طولانی مدت آن می­تواند عواقب جدی اقتصادی، اجتماعی و زیست محیطی به همراه داشته ­باشد. بخش کشاورزی یکی از بخش­های آسیب پذیر نسبت به تغییرات آب و هوایی است. در همین راستا این مطالعه به بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر به کارگیری استراتژی های سازگاری از سوی زعفران­کاران تربت حیدریه با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری تصادفی طبقه­ای متناسب و مدل لاجیت و پرسشنامه پنج بخشی پرداخته است. داده­های مورد نیاز از طریق تکمیل 380 پرسشنامه از زعفران­کاران تربت حیدریه در سال 1397 جمع­آوری گردید. نتایج توصیفی مطالعه نشان داد که اکثر زعفران­کاران به افزایش دما، کاهش بارندگی و ظهور خشکسالی و سرمازدگی معتقدند. کاهش ذخیره آب، کاهش عملکرد محصول زعفران، کاهش صرفه اقتصادی، بیکاری و مهاجرت از جمله پیامدهای تغییرات اقلیم در تربت­حیدریه می­باشد. همچنین بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده، 63 % از زعفران­کاران، حاضر به استفاده از استراتژی های سازگاری هستند. نتایج حاصل از برآورد مدل لاجیت نشان داد که متغیر­های تجربه کشاورزی، اندازه زمین، دسترسی به اعتبارات، خدمات ترویج، در معرض رسانه­ها و تحصیلات بر احتمال انتخاب استراتژی­های سازگاری تأثیرگذار است. درحالی که متغیر­های سطح مکانیزاسیون و شغل جانبی تأثیر معناداری بر احتمال انتخاب استراتژی­های سازگاری نداشته است، بنابراین سیاست های دولت باید اعتماد لازم را برای اعطای تسهیلات بانکی به زعفران­کاران فراهم آورد تا زعفران­کاران بتوانند توانایی و انعطاف پذیری خود را برای مدیریت منابع آب، خاک و سایر نهاده ها در پاسخ به تغییرات آب و هوا سازگار نمایند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Surveying Saffron Farmers' View on Climate Change and Adaptation Strategies (Case study: Torbat-e Heydarieh city )

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Rastegaripour 1
  • malihe sheybani 2

1 Assistant Professor of Agricultural Economics, Torbat Heydarieh University

2 MSc Student of Agricultural Economics, University of Torbat Heydarieh

چکیده [English]

Climate change is one of the most serious environmental challenges and its long-term effects can have serious economic, social and environmental consequences. The agricultural sector is one of the vulnerable parts in terms of climate change. In this regard, this study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the adaptation strategies by saffron farmers Torbat-e Heydarieh using stratified random sampling method and logit model and five-part questionnaire. Data were collected by completing 380 questionnaires from saffron farmers in Torbat-e Heydarieh in 2018. The descriptive results of the study showed that most saffron farmers believe in increasing temperature, reducing rainfall and the emergence of drought and frostbite. Reducing water supply, reducing yields of saffron, reducing economic efficiency, unemployment and migration are among the consequences of climate change in Torbat-e Heydarieh. Also, based on the results, 63% of saffron farmers are willing to use adaptation strategies. The results of the Logit model estimation show that the variables of agricultural experience, land size, access to credit, extention services, media exposure and education affect the likelihood of choosing adaptive strategies. However, the variables of mechanization level and side occupation did not have a significant effect on the likelihood of choosing compatibility strategies. Therefore, government policies should provide the bank with confidence in providing bank facilities to saffron farmers who provide saffron farmers with the ability and flexibility to manage water resources, soil and other inputs in response to climate change.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agriculture
  • climate changes
  • Logit model
  • Rainfall
  • Risk
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