اثربخشی برنامه آموزش بر وضعیت تغذیه بارداری : مقایسه روش بحث گروهی و بسته چند رسانه ای

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه بهداشت عمومی، دانشکده بهداشت، مرکز تحقیقات توسعه اجتماعی و ارتقاء سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گناباد، گناباد، ایران.

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد آموزش بهداشت و ارتقاءسلامت، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گناباد، گناباد، ایران.

3 دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی تغذیه، دانشکده پزشکی و علوم بهداشتی، دانشگاه UPM، سلانگور، مالزی.

چکیده

مقدمه: بارداری، از پرمخاطره ترین دوره های زندگی زنان است و تغذیه این دوران، سلامت مادر و جنین را تحت تأثیر قرار می دهد. مطالعه حاضر با هدف مقایسه اثربخشی آموزش تغذیه به روش بحث گروهی و بکارگیری بسته چند رسانه ای بر وضعیت تغذیه زنان باردار انجام شد.
روش کار: این مطالعه نیمه تجربی با گروه کنترل در سال92 بر روی 174 زن باردار در مراکز بهداشتی مشهد و گناباد انجام شد. بسته چندرسانه ای با استفاده از نرم افزار Autoplay (نسخه 2/8) طراحی شد. پیش آزمون بسامد خوراک از آزمودنی ها صورت گرفت. سپس آموزش تغذیه به روش بحث گروهی و بسته چند رسانه ای اجرا شد. در نهایت یک ماه پس از مداخله، پس آزمون بسامد خوراک تکمیل شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار Dietplan (نسخه 6) و SPSS (نسخه 20) و آزمون های آماری آنوای یک طرفه و تی زوجی انجام شد. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنی دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته ها: متغیرهای نیاسین (4p=0/0)، ویتامین B6 (p=0/04) ، ویتامینD (p=0/01)، B12 (p=0/03) در گروه بسته چند رسانه ای قبل و بعد از مداخله اختلاف آماری معنی دار داشتند. فولات (4p=0/0)،  ویتامین c (3p=0/0)، کاروتن (p=0/006) و فیبر (3p=0/0) در گروه بحث گروهی قبل و بعد از مداخله اختلاف آماری معنی دار داشتند. در مقایسه روش های بکارگرفته، میانگین نمرات در روش بحث گروهی نسبت به بسته چند رسانه ای بالاتر بود.
نتیجه‌گیری: دو روش بحث گروهی و بسته چند رسانه ای، باعث ارتقاء قابل توجهی بر وضعیت تغذیه زنان باردار نسبت به قبل مداخله نسبت به گروه کنترل شدند. در مقایسه دو روش آموزشی، روش بحث گروهی از بسته چند رسانه ای اثربخش تر بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effectiveness of training programs on nutritional status during pregnancy: Comparison of group discussion method and multi-media package

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Moshki 1
  • Khadije Seyedi Sani 2
  • Khosro Shafaghi 3
1 Associate Professor, Department of Public Health, Social Development & Health Promotion Research Centre, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
2 M.Sc. student of Health training and Health Promotion, School of Health, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
3 PhD student of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UPM University, Selangor, Malaysia.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Pregnancy is from the most risky period of women's life and nutrition during this period will affect the health of the mother and fetus. This study was performed aimed to compare the effectiveness of nutrition training by group discussion method and using multi-media package on the nutritional status of pregnant women.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study with a control group was performed on 174 pregnant women in health centers of Mashhad and Gonabad. Multimedia package was designed using Autoplay software (version 8.2). The pretest of output of the test subjects were studied. Then, nutrition training was performed by group discussion method and multimedia packages. Finally, a month after the intervention, posttest of output was completed. Data analysis was performed using Dietplan software (version 6) and SPSS software (version 20) and one-way ANOVA and paired t-test. PResults:Variables niacin (P=0/04), vitamin B6 (P=0/04), vitamin D (P=0/01), B12 (P=0/03) in a closed multimedia pre- and post-intervention difference were statistically significant. Folate (P=0/04) vitamin c (P = 0/03), carotene (P=0/006) and fiber (P = 0/03) in group discussions before and after the intervention group had a statistically significant difference. Compared to the methods used, the mean scores were higher in group discussion about the multimedia package.
Conclusions: The two methods of group discussion and multimedia package significantly improve the nutritional status of pregnant women than pre-intervention compared to the control group. Comparison of two methods of teaching showed that group discussion method was more effective than multi-media package method.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Group discussion
  • Nutritional Status
  • Multi-media package
  • Pregnant Women

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 17، شماره 128 - شماره پیاپی 128
هفته دوم دی ماه 1393
دی 1393
صفحه 18-27

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