پایش سلامت اکولوژیکی نظام‌های تولید انگور یاقوتی منطقه سیستان با استفاده از تکنیک تحلیل امرژی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری اگرواکولوژی، بخش اگرواکولوژی، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل

2 گروه زراعت دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل

3 گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل

چکیده

اهداف: نظام‌های تولید انگور یاقوتی اهمیت زیادی در اقتصاد و اشتغال سیستان دارند. هدف از تحقیق حاضر ارزیابی سلامت و پایش اثرات ناشی از مصرف نهاده‌ها در تولید انگور یاقوتی با هدف شناسایی نهاده‌هایی با بیشترین آسیب محیطی، هم‌چنین کمی‌سازی پایداری و ارائه راه‌کارهایی برای بهبود کارایی مصرف نهاده‌ها در تولید انگور در منطقه سیستان با استفاده از تکنیک تحلیل امرژی است.
مواد و روش‌ها: این مطالعه با استفاده از اطلاعات جمعآوری شده از سطح 180 نظام خرده مالکی تولید انگور در سطح پنج شهرستان منطقه سیستان شامل زابل، زهک، هامون، هیرمند و نیمروز، ایران در سال 1398 انجام شد. برای انجام این مطالعه نهاده‌های تجدیدپذیر و تجدیدناپذیر دریافتی از منابع محیطی و نهاده‌های اقتصادی لحاظ شد.
یافته‌ها: مجموع امرژی پشتیبانی کننده از نظام‌های تولید انگور 1016×92/1 ام‌ژول خورشیدی در هکتار در سال تخمین زده شد که نهاده‌های رایگان محیطی 31/64 درصد از این مقدار را به خود اختصاص دادند. ضریب تبدیل و امرژی ویژه برای تولید انگور 105×49/2 ام‌ژول خورشیدی در ژول و 109×75/4 ام‌ژول خورشیدی در گرم بود. فشار محیطی ناشی از تولید انگور (ELR) 311/5 و مقدار شاخص‌های پایداری (ESI & ESI*) 528/0 و 637/0 محاسبه شد که نشان‌دهنده پایداری پایین تولید انگور در سیستان است.
نتیجه‌گیری: سهم بالای نهاده‌های رایگان نشان می‌دهد که غالب باغ‌های انگور مطالعه، نظام‌هایی غیر صنعتی هستند که به شیوه نیمه‌سنتی و کم نهاده مدیریت می‌شوند. با توجه به نقش برجسته فرسایش و تلفات ماده آلی خاک، مدیریت منابع آب و تغییر شیوه‌های آبیاری در بهبود پایداری نظام‌های مورد مطالعه الزامی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Monitoring of Ecological Health of Yaghooti Grape Production Systems in Sistan Region Using Emergy Analysis Technique

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Fartout Enayat 1
  • Seyed Ahmad Ghanbari 2
  • Mohammad Reza Asgharipour 3
  • Esmaeel Seyedabadi 2
1 PhD Candidate,, Unit of Agroecology, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, University of Zabol
2 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
3 University of Zabol
چکیده [English]

Background & Objective: Yaghooti grape producing methods are very important in Sistan economy and jobs. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the health and monitor the effects of input consumption in the production of Yaghooti grapes with the aim of identifying inputs with the most environmental damage, as well as quantifying sustainability and providing solutions to improve input efficiency in Yaghooti grape production in Sistan region using emergy analysis technique.
Methods & Materials: This study was conducted utilizing data collected from the level of smallholder systems of 180 grape production systems in five cities of Sistan region comprising Zabol, Zahak, Hamoun, Hirmand and Nimroz, Iran in 2019. For this study, renewable and non-renewable inputs received from environmental resources and economic inputs were investigated.
Results: The total emergy support of grape production systems was estimated to be 1.92E+16 sej/ha/yr, of which free environmental inputs accounted for 64.31 percent of this amount. The transformity and specific energy for grape production were 2.49E+05 sej/J and 4.75E+09 sej/g. Environmental pressure due to grape production (ELR) was 5.311 and the value of sustainability indices (ESI & ESI*) was calculated 0.528 and 0.637, which indicates the low sustainability of grape production in Sistan.
Conclusion: The significant percentage of free inputs implies that the majority of study vineyards are non-industrial systems that are managed in a semi-traditional, low-input manner.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Quantification of sustainability
  • Renewable inputs
  • Environmental load
  • Soil erosion
  • Environmental economics
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