نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار، گروه عمران، واحد رودهن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رودهن، ایران

چکیده

آب یک منبع طبیعی است که علاوه بر این که برای اهداف توسعه مورد نیاز است، برای ادامه حیات نیز ضروری است. صنعت بعد از بخش کشاورزی از مصرف‌کنندگان اصلی آب در ایران است. یکی از صنایع اصلی مصرف کننده آب، صنعت سیمان می باشد. با این حال تاکنون تحقیقی بر روی وضعیت تجارت آب مجازی صنعت سیمان در ایران انجام نشده است. در این پژوهش تجارت آب مجازی بین ایران و 68 کشور واردکننده سیمان از ایران و 40 کشور که ایران به آن‌ها سیمان صادر کرده است، بررسی شد. دوره زمانی پژوهش حاضر از سال 2001 تا 2018 بود. نتایج نشان داد صادرات آب مجازی سیمان m3/yr 106 × 385/15 بود. کل صادرات آب مجازی سیمان m3 106 × 940/276 محاسبه شد. واردات آب مجازی سیمان m3/yr 106 × 147/0 است. ایران صادرکننده خالص آب مجازی است. برای تولید و صادرات سیمان در ایران 70% از آب آبی و 30% از آب خاکستری استفاده می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Virtual Water Trade of Cement Industry in Iran

نویسنده [English]

  • Ehsan Darvishan

Assist. Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran

چکیده [English]

Water is a natural source that in addition to being required for development aims, is necessary for survival. After agriculture, the industry is one of the main water consumers in Iran. One of the main water consumer industries is cement production. However, no study is still conducted on the virtual water trade in the cement industry in Iran. In this paper, the virtual water trade between Iran and 68 countries importing cement from Iran and 40 countries to which Iran has exported cement was investigated. The time period of the current research was from 2001 to 2018. The results showed that the virtual water export of cement was 15.385 × 106 m3/yr. The total virtual water export of cement was calculated to be 276.940 × 106 m3. Virtual water imports of cement are 0.147 × 106 m3/yr. Iran is a net exporter of virtual water. For the production and export of cement in Iran, 70% blue water and 30% gray water are used.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cement industry
  • Import and Export
  • International Trade
  • Virtual Water
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