اثر کیفیت لاشریزه و شاخص مزیت تجزیۀ خانگی آن بر فرایند تجزیۀ لاشبرگ‌های عرعر و کاج سیاه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه مهندسی طبیعت، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جنگلداری، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر

چکیده

کیفیت لاشبرگ تأثیر اساسی در فرایند تجزیه و پویایی عناصر غذایی آن دارد. در بیشتر پژوهش‌ها فرض بر این است که لاشبرگ‌ها در رویشگاه خود از سرعت تجزیۀ بیشتری برخوردارند. این نظریه هنوز به‌طور کامل تأیید نشده است. بنابراین به‌منظور آزمون این نظریه و همچنین بررسی اثر کیفیت لاشبرگ بر نرخ تجزیۀ آن، در دو تودۀ دست‌کاشت عرعر (آسمان‌دار) (Ailanthus altissima Mill.) و کاج سیاه (Pinus nigra Arnold) لاشبرگ‌های این دو گونه با استفاده از روش کیسه‌لاشبرگ به‌مدت 180 روز در پارک جنگلی شاهد ملایر بررسی شدند. کیفیت شیمیایی لاشبرگ‌ها، ضریب ثابت تجزیه، مزیت تجزیۀ خانگی لاشبرگ‌ها و اثرهای لاشبرگ‌های ترکیبی بررسی شدند. نتایج نشان داد که ضریب ثابت تجزیۀ لاشبرگ‌های عرعر (با مقادیر زیاد نیتروژن و کلسیم و نسبت کم C/N) بیشتر از سوزن‌های کاج سیاه بود (به‌ترتیب 09/0 و 05/0). به‌غیر از سوزن‌های ترکیبی کاج سیاه در تودۀ خود، در بقیۀ ترکیب‌ها وضعیت رقابتی مشاهده شد. همچنین براساس نتایج تحقیق نرخ‌های تجزیۀ لاشبرگ‌های مورد بررسی با غلظت‌های نیتروژن (05/0> p ، 76/0=r) و فسفر (05/0> p ، 62/0=r) ارتباط معنی‌دار مثبت و با غلظت پتاسیم (05/0> p ، 74/0-=r) و نسبت C/N (05/0> p ، 76/0-=r) ارتباط معنی‌دار منفی داشت. تئوری مزیت تجزیۀ خانگی در مورد لاشبرگ‌های عرعر و کاج سیاه در رویشگاه‌های خودشان تأیید شد. در کل نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که فرایند تجزیه تحت تأثیر هر دو عامل کیفیت لاشبرگ و شاخص مزیت تجزیۀ خانگی آن قرار می‌گیرد. با توجه به یافته‌های تحقیق، جنگلکاری‌های آمیختۀ این دو گونه در اقلیم‌های معتدلۀ سردسیری غرب کشور پیشنهاد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of litter quality and Home-Field advantage on leaf-litter decomposition of Tree of heaven and European black pine leaf-litters

نویسندگان [English]

  • F. Ghasemi Aghbash 1
  • M. Beyranvand 2
1 Assistant Prof., Dept. of Nature Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Malayer University, Malayer, I. R. Iran
2 MS.c Candidate of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Malayer University, Malayer, I. R. Iran
چکیده [English]

Litter quality plays a key role in the decomposition process and nutrients dynamics. In most studies, it is assumed that litter has a higher rate of decomposition in its ecological site. Evidence for this theory has not yet been fully confirmed. Therefore, in order to test this theory and also to investigate the effect of litter quality on its decomposition rate in two stands of european black pine (Pinus nigra Arnold) and tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima Mill.) leaf-litters of P. nigra Arnold and A. altissima Mill were incubated for 180 days using the litterbag method in Shahed's forest park of Malayer. The chemical quality of litter, the rate constant for decomposition, the main ecological site advantage and the effects of mixtures litter were investigated through the relevant relations. Results showed that the rate constant for decomposition of A. altissima litter (with high levels of nitrogen and calcium and low C/N ratio) was higher than P. nigra (0.09 and 0.05, respectively). Competitive status was observed in all compounds except P. nigra samples in their sites. Also, the decomposition rates of the litters had a significant positive relationship with the concentrations of nitrogen (r = 0.76, p <0.05) and phosphorus (r = 0.62, p <0.05) and had a significant negative relationship with the concentration of potassium (r = -0.74, p <0.05) and C/N ratio (r = -0.76, p <0.05). The theory of home-field advantage was confirmed about european black pine and tree of heaven in their own ecological sites. In general, the results showed that the decomposition process is affected by both litter quality and home-field advantage of leaf-litter decomposition. According to the research results, mixed afforestation of these two species was suggested in the temperate cold climates of the west of the country.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Non-additive effects
  • Habitat
  • Constant decomposition coefficient
  • Mixture litters
 
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