Abstract
Stroke is the most common neurological cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialized countries, afflicting 15 million people every year. The numbers are expected to increase, mostly due to aging populations. One in five stroke patients dies, and one in three are left with permanent disabilities.
Although some acute phase therapies such as intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) andendovascular treatment have been shown to improve ischemic stroke outcome, these therapies are available only for a small proportion of patients.
The use of stem cells to replace brain cells lost during stroke is a long-term goal, and one which is difficult to achieve given that transplanted cells must integrate and restore neural pathways to regain function of damaged parts of the brain. Over the past decade the use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) as therapy has emerged as a particularly attractive option.
MSCs are a class of multipotent, self-renewing cells that give rise to differentiated progeny when implanted into appropriate tissues. Herein, we present a review of the application of MSCs in ischemic stroke, including the source of MSCs, the route and timing of their delivery into the brain and the endpoints measured. Experimental data of transplantation of MSCs in animal stroke models suggest an improved functional recovery. The transplantation of MSCs influences a wide range of events by modulating the inflammatory environment, stimulating endogenous neurogenesis and angiogenesis and reducing the formation of glial scar, although the precise, underlying mechanism of this phenomenon remains unknown. The results from early clinical trials highlight the need to optimize variables such as cell selection and route of administration in order to translate these results into safe and successful clinical applications.
Keywords: Ischemic stroke, human adipose mesenchymal stem cells, cell therapy.
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Ischemic Stroke: Progress and Possibilities
Volume: 23 Issue: 16
Author(s): Anna Lucia Maria Ferri, Anna Bersano, Daniela Lisini, Giorgio Boncoraglio, Simona Frigerio and Eugenio Parati
Affiliation:
Keywords: Ischemic stroke, human adipose mesenchymal stem cells, cell therapy.
Abstract: Stroke is the most common neurological cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialized countries, afflicting 15 million people every year. The numbers are expected to increase, mostly due to aging populations. One in five stroke patients dies, and one in three are left with permanent disabilities.
Although some acute phase therapies such as intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) andendovascular treatment have been shown to improve ischemic stroke outcome, these therapies are available only for a small proportion of patients.
The use of stem cells to replace brain cells lost during stroke is a long-term goal, and one which is difficult to achieve given that transplanted cells must integrate and restore neural pathways to regain function of damaged parts of the brain. Over the past decade the use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) as therapy has emerged as a particularly attractive option.
MSCs are a class of multipotent, self-renewing cells that give rise to differentiated progeny when implanted into appropriate tissues. Herein, we present a review of the application of MSCs in ischemic stroke, including the source of MSCs, the route and timing of their delivery into the brain and the endpoints measured. Experimental data of transplantation of MSCs in animal stroke models suggest an improved functional recovery. The transplantation of MSCs influences a wide range of events by modulating the inflammatory environment, stimulating endogenous neurogenesis and angiogenesis and reducing the formation of glial scar, although the precise, underlying mechanism of this phenomenon remains unknown. The results from early clinical trials highlight the need to optimize variables such as cell selection and route of administration in order to translate these results into safe and successful clinical applications.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Maria Ferri Lucia Anna, Bersano Anna, Lisini Daniela, Boncoraglio Giorgio, Frigerio Simona and Parati Eugenio, Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Ischemic Stroke: Progress and Possibilities, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2016; 23 (16) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867323666160222113702
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867323666160222113702 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Identification of a Therapeutic Dose of Continuously Delivered Erythropoietin in the Eye Using An Inducible Promoter System
Current Gene Therapy Lectin-Like Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor 1 (LOX-1) in Atherogenesis: A Brief Review
Current Medicinal Chemistry Neurodegenerative Diseases and Flavonoids: Special Reference to Kaempferol
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Fetal Asphyctic Preconditioning Protects Against Perinatal Asphyxia- Induced Apoptosis and Astrogliosis in Neonatal Brain
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Phospholipase A2 Isoforms as Novel Targets for Prevention and Treatment of Inflammatory and Oncologic Diseases
Current Drug Targets Approaches and Recent Trends in Gene Delivery for Treatment of Atherosclerosis
Recent Patents on Drug Delivery & Formulation Short-term High-Dose Effect of Lovastatin on Thrombolysis by rt-PA in a Human Whole-Blood in vitro Clot Model
Current Neurovascular Research The Na+/H+ Exchanger: A Target for Cardiac Therapeutic Intervention
Current Drug Targets - Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders Prevention of Contrast Induced Nephropathy
Current Drug Therapy Inflammation-Mediating Proteases: Structure, Function in (Patho) Physiology and Inhibition
Protein & Peptide Letters Anti-inflammatory Effect of Electro-acupuncture via Reduction in Colonic Peristalsis in a Mouse Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) S1P Regulation of Macrophage Functions in the Context of Cancer
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Cardioprotection with opioids - Trusted old friends -Clinical Science -
Current Pharmaceutical Design Gene Therapy Targeting Nuclear Factor-κB: Towards Clinical Application in Inflammatory Diseases and Cancer
Current Gene Therapy Poloxamer 188 (P188), A Potential Polymeric Protective Agent for Central Nervous System Disorders: A Systematic Review
Current Neuropharmacology Transplantation Tolerance by Donor MHC Gene Transfer
Current Gene Therapy Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) and their Involvement in Liver Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonists and Parkinsons Disease: State of the Art and Future Directions
Current Pharmaceutical Design Crystal Structure of a Cu,Zn Superoxide Dismutase From the Thermophilic Fungus <i>Chaetomium thermophilum</i>
Protein & Peptide Letters Melatonin Attenuates Methamphetamine-Induced Neurotoxicity
Current Pharmaceutical Design