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Urban Light Rail Transportation Systems Catenary Line Anti-Icing Applications, Laboratory and Field Tests

Year 2018, Volume: 19 Issue: 2, 433 - 442, 30.06.2018
https://doi.org/10.18038/aubtda.385262

Abstract

Problems such as freezing, icing, and
/ or snow accumulation in the machine systems during the winter can adversely
affect the performance of the systems, sometimes stopping them altogether. One
of the systems affected by winter conditions is the energy transmission lines.
If not intervened, snow and / or ice accumulating on electrical wires can cause
electrical transmission performance to drop, and extreme cases can cause wire
breaks due to heavy wires. One of the energy transmission systems where power lines
are open to the atmosphere is the pantograph-catenary systems that take up
electrical energy. Frosting and ice accumulation on the catenary lines leads to
arc formation and, in some cases, can interfere with electrical conduction
between the pantograph and the catenary line. In the case of light rail
transportation systems, this problem could lead to problems at higher rates
than other rail systems. In Turkey, the activities to be done for preparation
of winter and route maintenance in the intercity railway transmission lines are
well known, but procedures for light rail systems are being newly prepared. In
particular, the use of light rail systems in winter, where the conditions are
more difficult, brings with it some problems. It is inevitable to anticipate
the problems that may arise and to work to solve these problems. In this study,
an experimental setup was designed to simulate the snow, dew formation on the
copper wires in order to prevent / eliminate the icing problem that occurs in
the urban light rail transportation systems catenary lines. Field tests were
also carried out by applying anti-icing chemical solution in the catenary lines
of the Eskişehir urban light rail transport system (ESTRAM). As a result of the
field tests, it has been seen that the mono ethylene glycol application to
wires can reduce arc formation and wear of the lines considerably. It has even
been found that the application mono ethylene glycol before freezing of the
line has the potential to reduce wear, breakdown and maintenance costs in the
catenary lines.

References

  • “Weather History for Anadolu University Airpor, TR | Weather Underground.” [Online]. https://www.wunderground.com/history/airport/LTBY/2018/1/4/DailyHistory.html?req_city=&req_state=&req_statename=&reqdb.zip=&reqdb.magic=&reqdb.wmo=. [Accessed: 25-Jan-2018].
  • Karaköse M, Akın E, Aydın İ, and Yaman O Görüntü işleme ve bulanık mantık tabanlı pantograf geometrik modelin tespiti, Apr. 2014.
  • Aydin I, Karakose M, and Akin E, Anomaly detection using a modified kernel-based tracking in the pantograph–catenary system. Expert Syst. Feb. 2015 Appl., vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 938–948.
  • Szafránski Z Winter and Railways. International Union of Railways Rail System Department for the RSF, 2011.
  • Bhargava B Railway electrification systems and configurations 1999, vol. 1, pp. 445–450.
  • Landi A, Menconi L, and Sani L Hough transform and thermo-vision for monitoring pantograph-catenary system Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part F J. Rail Rapid Transit, Jan. 2006 vol. 220, no. 4, pp. 435–447.
  • Baxter A, Network Rail A Guide to Overhead Electrification London, 132787-ALB-GUN-EOH-000001, 2015.
  • Coffey D A, Ashrawi S S, and Nieh E C, Aircraft wing de-icers with improved holdover times US 5386968 A.
  • Tomala A, Karpinska A, Werner WSM, Olver A, and Störi H Tribological properties of additives for water-based lubricants Wear, Oct. 2010, vol. 269, no. 11–12, pp. 804–810.
  • Er Ü and Çakir FH Kent Içi Hafif Rayli Ulaşim Sistemleri Katener Hatlarinda Buzlanma Problemi ve Bakim Yöntemlerinin Incelenmesi presented at the VIII. Bakım Teknolojileri Kongresi ve Sergisi, Denizli, 2017, pp. 195–201.
  • Heyun L, Xiaosong G, and Wenbi T Icing and Anti-Icing of Railway Contact Wires, Reliability and Safety in Railway, X. Perpinya, Ed. InTech, 2012.
  • Makkonen L Modeling of ice accretion on wires J. Clim. Appl. Meteorol. 1984, vol. 23, no. 6, pp. 929–939.
  • Wang F, Li C, Lv Y, Lv F and Du Y, Ice accretion on superhydrophobic aluminum surfaces under low-temperature conditions Cold Reg. Sci. Technol. Jun. 2010, vol. 62, no. 1, pp. 29–33.
  • Makkonen L, Laakso T, Marjaniemi M and Finstad KJ Modelling and Prevention of Ice Accretion on Wind Turbines Wind Eng. Jan. 2001, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 3–21.
  • “DOTP, MEG, ANTFRİZ, GEC KİMYA SANAYİİ.” [Online]. http://www.gec.com.tr/meg.htm. [Accessed: 19-Jan-2018].
  • Ö. Erdoğan and N. Kanmaz, “Katener-Pantograf Sistemlerinde Buzlanma Problemine Karşı Mono Etilen Glikol UygulamasıI,” Undergrauate Thesis, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi, 2018.

Kent İçi Hafif Raylı Ulaşım Sistemleri Katener Sistemlerinin Anti Buzlanma Uygulamaları, Deney ve Saha Testleri

Year 2018, Volume: 19 Issue: 2, 433 - 442, 30.06.2018
https://doi.org/10.18038/aubtda.385262

Abstract



Kış aylarında makine sistemlerinde meydana gelen donma, buzlanma ve/veya kar birikimi gibi sorunlar
sistemlerin performansını
olumsuz yönde etkilemekte
bazen de çalışmasını tamamen durdurabilmektedir. Kış koşullarından etkilenen
sistemlerden birisi de
enerji iletim hatlarıdır. Müdahale
edilmediği takdirde elektrik telleri üzerinde biriken kar ve/veya buz iletim
performansının düşmesine, ekstrem durumlarda ise tellerin ağırlaşması ile de
kopmalara neden olabilmektedir. İletim hatlarının atmosfere açık olduğu enerji
iletim sistemlerinden birisi de elektrik enerjisini havai hattan alan
pantograf-katener sistemleridir.
Katener
hatlarında meydana gelen buzlanma hatta ark oluşumuna yol açmakta ve bazı
durumlarda ise pantograf katener hattı arasındaki elektrik iletimini
kesebilmektedir. Literatüre bakıldığında ise bu durum k
ent
içi hafif raylı ulaşım sistemlerinde bu sorun diğer raylı sistemlere göre ise
daha yüksek oranlarda sorunlara yol açabilmektedir.
Ülkemizde
şehirlerarası demiryolu iletim hatlarında kışa hazırlık ve yol bakımı için yapılması
gereken faaliyetler bilinmekle birlikte hafif raylı sistemler için prosedürler
yeni yeni oluşturulmaya başlanmıştır. Özellikle hafif
raylı sistemlerin kış şartlarının daha çetin geçtiği illerimiz
de kullanıma
alınması ile birlikte ortaya çıkabilecek sorunlar ve bu sorunların
çözümü için çalışmaların yapılması kaçınılmazdır. Bu çalışmada, kent içi hafif
raylı ulaşım sistemleri katener hatlarında meydana gelen buzlanma probleminin önlenebilmesi/giderilebilmesi
için karlanma durumunu simüle edebilecek bir deneysel düzenek oluşturulmuştur. Laboratuvar
ortamında yapılan deney sonuçlarına göre kararlaştırılan orandaki buzlanma
geciktirici (anti-icing) kimyasal solüsyonun ESTRAM Eskişehir kent içi hafif
raylı ulaşım sistemi katener hatlarına uygulanması ile de saha deneyleri
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan saha testi sonucunda uygulanan kimyasalın hatta
ark oluşumunu oldukça azalttığı görülmüştür. Hatta donma olmadan önce uygulanmasının
hatlardaki aşınma, arıza ve bakım maliyetlerini azaltma potansiyeli olduğu
görülmüştür.





 

References

  • “Weather History for Anadolu University Airpor, TR | Weather Underground.” [Online]. https://www.wunderground.com/history/airport/LTBY/2018/1/4/DailyHistory.html?req_city=&req_state=&req_statename=&reqdb.zip=&reqdb.magic=&reqdb.wmo=. [Accessed: 25-Jan-2018].
  • Karaköse M, Akın E, Aydın İ, and Yaman O Görüntü işleme ve bulanık mantık tabanlı pantograf geometrik modelin tespiti, Apr. 2014.
  • Aydin I, Karakose M, and Akin E, Anomaly detection using a modified kernel-based tracking in the pantograph–catenary system. Expert Syst. Feb. 2015 Appl., vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 938–948.
  • Szafránski Z Winter and Railways. International Union of Railways Rail System Department for the RSF, 2011.
  • Bhargava B Railway electrification systems and configurations 1999, vol. 1, pp. 445–450.
  • Landi A, Menconi L, and Sani L Hough transform and thermo-vision for monitoring pantograph-catenary system Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part F J. Rail Rapid Transit, Jan. 2006 vol. 220, no. 4, pp. 435–447.
  • Baxter A, Network Rail A Guide to Overhead Electrification London, 132787-ALB-GUN-EOH-000001, 2015.
  • Coffey D A, Ashrawi S S, and Nieh E C, Aircraft wing de-icers with improved holdover times US 5386968 A.
  • Tomala A, Karpinska A, Werner WSM, Olver A, and Störi H Tribological properties of additives for water-based lubricants Wear, Oct. 2010, vol. 269, no. 11–12, pp. 804–810.
  • Er Ü and Çakir FH Kent Içi Hafif Rayli Ulaşim Sistemleri Katener Hatlarinda Buzlanma Problemi ve Bakim Yöntemlerinin Incelenmesi presented at the VIII. Bakım Teknolojileri Kongresi ve Sergisi, Denizli, 2017, pp. 195–201.
  • Heyun L, Xiaosong G, and Wenbi T Icing and Anti-Icing of Railway Contact Wires, Reliability and Safety in Railway, X. Perpinya, Ed. InTech, 2012.
  • Makkonen L Modeling of ice accretion on wires J. Clim. Appl. Meteorol. 1984, vol. 23, no. 6, pp. 929–939.
  • Wang F, Li C, Lv Y, Lv F and Du Y, Ice accretion on superhydrophobic aluminum surfaces under low-temperature conditions Cold Reg. Sci. Technol. Jun. 2010, vol. 62, no. 1, pp. 29–33.
  • Makkonen L, Laakso T, Marjaniemi M and Finstad KJ Modelling and Prevention of Ice Accretion on Wind Turbines Wind Eng. Jan. 2001, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 3–21.
  • “DOTP, MEG, ANTFRİZ, GEC KİMYA SANAYİİ.” [Online]. http://www.gec.com.tr/meg.htm. [Accessed: 19-Jan-2018].
  • Ö. Erdoğan and N. Kanmaz, “Katener-Pantograf Sistemlerinde Buzlanma Problemine Karşı Mono Etilen Glikol UygulamasıI,” Undergrauate Thesis, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi, 2018.
There are 16 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ümit Er

Fatih Hayati Çakır

Publication Date June 30, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 19 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Er, Ü., & Çakır, F. H. (2018). Urban Light Rail Transportation Systems Catenary Line Anti-Icing Applications, Laboratory and Field Tests. Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology A - Applied Sciences and Engineering, 19(2), 433-442. https://doi.org/10.18038/aubtda.385262
AMA Er Ü, Çakır FH. Urban Light Rail Transportation Systems Catenary Line Anti-Icing Applications, Laboratory and Field Tests. AUJST-A. June 2018;19(2):433-442. doi:10.18038/aubtda.385262
Chicago Er, Ümit, and Fatih Hayati Çakır. “Urban Light Rail Transportation Systems Catenary Line Anti-Icing Applications, Laboratory and Field Tests”. Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology A - Applied Sciences and Engineering 19, no. 2 (June 2018): 433-42. https://doi.org/10.18038/aubtda.385262.
EndNote Er Ü, Çakır FH (June 1, 2018) Urban Light Rail Transportation Systems Catenary Line Anti-Icing Applications, Laboratory and Field Tests. Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology A - Applied Sciences and Engineering 19 2 433–442.
IEEE Ü. Er and F. H. Çakır, “Urban Light Rail Transportation Systems Catenary Line Anti-Icing Applications, Laboratory and Field Tests”, AUJST-A, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 433–442, 2018, doi: 10.18038/aubtda.385262.
ISNAD Er, Ümit - Çakır, Fatih Hayati. “Urban Light Rail Transportation Systems Catenary Line Anti-Icing Applications, Laboratory and Field Tests”. Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology A - Applied Sciences and Engineering 19/2 (June 2018), 433-442. https://doi.org/10.18038/aubtda.385262.
JAMA Er Ü, Çakır FH. Urban Light Rail Transportation Systems Catenary Line Anti-Icing Applications, Laboratory and Field Tests. AUJST-A. 2018;19:433–442.
MLA Er, Ümit and Fatih Hayati Çakır. “Urban Light Rail Transportation Systems Catenary Line Anti-Icing Applications, Laboratory and Field Tests”. Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology A - Applied Sciences and Engineering, vol. 19, no. 2, 2018, pp. 433-42, doi:10.18038/aubtda.385262.
Vancouver Er Ü, Çakır FH. Urban Light Rail Transportation Systems Catenary Line Anti-Icing Applications, Laboratory and Field Tests. AUJST-A. 2018;19(2):433-42.