Journal of Wetlands Research (한국습지학회지)

Korean Wetlands Society (한국습지학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Performance Assessment and Design Evaluation of Bioretention Planter Boxes Treating Urban Stormwater Runoff

도심지역 강우유출수 처리목적 식물재배화분의 성능 및 설계인자 분석

  • Guerra, Heidi B. (Department of Environmental Engineering, Hanseo University) ;
  • Park, Kisoo (Department of Environmental Engineering, Hanseo University) ;
  • Kim, Youngchul (Department of Environmental Engineering, Hanseo University)
  • Received : 2017.12.07
  • Accepted : 2018.02.01
  • Published : 2018.02.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Two planter boxes were monitored during their initial year of operation to be able to assess their stormwater runoff and pollutant reduction capabilities and investigate on the design factors affecting their performance. One of the planter boxes provided 85-100% runoff volume reduction for rainfall less than 15 mm and rainfall intensities lower than 5 mm/hr. This reduced to 50-64% during higher rainfall intensities and depths of up to 50 mm. Suspended solids, organics, nutrients, and heavy metals were satisfactorily removed at a range of 40-95%. The other planter box, however, did not produce outflow in all the events and allowed total capture of stormwater. The uncertainty regarding the fate of the runoff in that case required an investigation of the planter box's actual drainage and underground conditions which was deemed outside the scope of the study. Nonetheless, several design improvements and retrofits were suggested based on the provisions of current design guidelines to ensure that the hydraulic and water quality goals are achieved without potential damage to nearby structures. Moreover, continuous monitoring data is required to provide more accurate design evaluation and can serve as a guide in the construction of similar facilities in the future.

소규모 바이오 리텐션과 유사한 기능을 수행하는 식물재배화분은 유출저감과 함께 비점오염을 저감할 수 있다는 측면에서 도시지역에 유망한 LID 시설이다. 본 연구에서는 2개소의 실증 식물재배화분을 모니터링 평가하였다. 이 시설을 통하여 1개소의 시설에서는 강우량이 15mm 이하일 경우 85-100% 유출저감을 달성하였으며 강우량 50mm에서는 50-64%의 유출저감을 나타내었다. 이와 같은 조건에서 TSS와 유기물질, 영양소 및 중금속의 저감효율은 40-95% 이었다. 이와 반면에 다른 시설에서는 동일한 강우조건에서 강우유출수 전량이 포착되어 유출발생이 일어나지 않았는데 식물재배화분 통과 후 배수 및 지하여건에 대한 정밀한 재평가가 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 상황이 주변 지하수나 지하구조물에 위해를 가할 수 있으므로 식물재배화분의 설계 및 시공시 투수속도에 면밀한 검토가 필요하며 투수계수가 지나치게 큰 지역에는 토목섬유 포설이나 차수 배리어와 같은 라이닝 시공을 실시해야 한다.

Keywords

References

  1. County of Los Angeles Department of Public works (LADPW) (2014). Low Impact Development Standards Manual, County of Los Angeles Department of Public Works, California.
  2. Davis, AP (2007). Field Performance of Bioretention: Water Quality, Environmental Engineering Science, 24(8), pp. 1048-1064. [DOI: 10.1089/ees.2006.0190]
  3. D'Ambrosio, J, Lawrence, T, and Brown, LC (2014). A Basic Primer on Nonpoint Source Pollution and Impervious Surface, Fact Sheet AEX-444-04, Ohio State University Extension, Ohio.
  4. Gallo, C, Moore, A, and Wywrot, J (2012). Comparing the adaptability of infiltration based BMPs to various U.S. regions, Landscape and Urban Planning, 106(4), pp. 326-335. [DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2012.04.004]
  5. Geosyntec Consultants (Geosyntec) (2014). Low Impact Development Practices Design and Implementation Guidance Manual Horizon West Town Center, Orange County Government, Florida.
  6. Hsieh, C and Davis, AP (2005). Evaluation and Optimization of Bioretention Media for Treatment of Urban Storm Water Runoff, J. of Environmental Engineering, 131(11), pp. 1521-1531. [DOI: 10.1061/ASCE0733-93722005131:111521]
  7. Hunt, WF, Jarrett, AR, Smith, JT and Sharkey, LJ (2006). Evaluating Bioretention Hydrology and Nutrient Removal at Three Field Sites in North Carolina, J. of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 132(6), pp. 600-608. [DOI: 10.1061/ASCE0733-94372006132:6600]
  8. Kim HK, Jeong, HS, Jeon, JH and Bae, SJ (2016). The Impact of Impervious Surface on Water Quality and Its Threshold in Korea, Water, 8(4), pp. 111-119. [DOI: 10.3390/w8040111]
  9. Li, ZY and Lam, KM (2015). Statistical evaluation of bioretention system for hydrologic performance, Water Science and Technology, 71(11), pp. 1742-1749. [DOI:10.2166/wst.2015.131]
  10. Liu, Z, Wang, Y, Li, Z and Peng, J (2013). Impervious surface impact on water quality in the process of rapid urbanization in Shenzhen, China, Environmental Earth Sciences, 68(8), pp. 2365-2373. [DOI: 10.1007/s12665-012-1918-2]
  11. Maniquiz, MC, Choi, JY, Lee, SY and Kim, LH (2012). Performance comparison between infiltration and non-infiltration type of structural stormwater treatment systems, Water Science and Technology, 66(2), pp. 363-369. [DOI: 10.2166/wst.2012.197]
  12. Minnesota Stormwater Steering Committee (MSSC) (2005). The Minnesota Stormwater Manual, Ref. No. wq-strm8-14aw, Minnesota Pollution Control Agency
  13. Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) (2007). National Engineering Handbook Part 630, 210-VI-NEH, Natural Resources Conservation Service US Department of Agriculture.
  14. Southeast Michigan Council of Governments (SEMCOG) (2008). Low Impact Development Manual for Michigan: A Design Guide for Implementors and Reviewers, Southeast Michigan Council of Governments.
  15. Shuster, WD, Bonta, J, Thurston, H, Warnemuende, E and Smith, DR (2005). Impacts of impervious surface on watershed hydrology: A review, Urban Water Journal, 2(4), pp. 263-275. [DOI:10.1080/15730620500386529]
  16. Tetra Tech, Inc. (2011). San Diego Low Impact Development Design Manual, PITS070111-01, Tetra Tech, Inc. and Construction and Development Standards Section, San Diego Storm Water Division, California.
  17. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) (2017). https://www.epa.gov/nps/urban-runoff-low-impact-development
  18. Wu, LZ and Selvadurai, APS (2016). Rainfall infiltration-induced groundwater table rise in an unsaturated porous medium, Environmental Earth Sciences, 75(2), pp. 135-145. [DOI:10.1007/s12665-015-4890-9]
  19. Yu, G, Choi, J, Kang, HM and Kim, LH (2016). Evaluation of the Volume and Pollutant Reduction in an Infiltration and Filtration Facility with Varying Rainfall Conditions, J. of Korean Society on Water Environment, 32(1), pp. 30-35. [DOI: 10.15681/KSWE.2016.32.1.30]