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AGRONOMIC SEED PRODUCTION AND OIL QUALITY EVALUATION OF VARIOUS BRASSICA SPECIES GROWN UNDER SEMI-ARID CLIMATIC CONDITION

Year 2023, Volume: 28 Issue: 1, 57 - 63, 21.06.2023

Ahmad Sher Sami Ul Allah Abdul Sattar Muhammad Ijaz Abdul Qayyum Abdul Manaf Bushra Sarwar

https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.1093305

Abstract

Brassica crops (rapeseed and mustard) are important oil seed crops of the world. Increase in the demand of edible oil due to the ever-increasing population has threatened the sufficient availability of edible oil. For this purpose, a two year experiment was laid out at experimental farm of Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bahadur Sub-Campus Layyah-Pakistan. Twenty brassica genotypes viz., Holya-401, Faisal canola, AARI-Canola, Hop-09, RBN-04722, Panjab Sarsoon, RBN-11049, Mulki, PARC-Canola hybrid, Pakola, Canola Raya, Con-II, 19-H, Durr-e-Nifa, RBN-03046, Shiralee, Dunckled, Bulbul, Nifa Gold and Abasin-95 were evaluated and experiment was repeated over the time for two years. Analyses of variance revealed significant (p<0.05) differences among all the studied attribute of brassica genotypes. Moreover, year effect was also found significant due to change in weather condition and rainfall of the two years. Results revealed that maximum number of seeds/siliqua per plant, biological and seed yield were found in genotype ‘Dunkled’ and oil seed quality was observed in genotype ‘Nifa-Gold’. In conclusion, the both genotypes ‘Nifa-Gold’ and ‘Dunkled’ showed improved the productivity, high yield and better oil quality under semi-arid climatic condition, Pakistan. Variability in brassica genotypes may be a good approach for breeding programs to obtain good production and oil quality under various environmental conditions.

Keywords

Brassica genotypes seed yield oil quality semi-arid region

References

  • 1. Abideen, S.N.U., F. Nadeem, and S.A. Abideen. 2013. Genetic variability and correlation studies in Brassica napus L. genotypes. Int. J. Innov. Appl. Stud. 2(4): 574-581.
  • 2. Ahmad, S., M. Nadeem, G. Abbas, Z. Fatima, R.J.Z. Khan, M. Ahmed, and M.A. Khan. 2016. Quantification of the effects of climate warming and crop management on sugarcane phenology. Climate Res. 71: 47–61.
  • 3. Aktar, T., M. Nuruzzaman, M.S. Rana, M.M. Huda, M.A. Hossain and L. Hassan. 2019. Genetic parameters and diversity studies of yield and yield contributing characters in Brassica genotypes. J. Bang. Agric. Univ. 17(3): 295-300.
  • 4. Anwar, M.R., D.L. Liu, R. Farquharson, I. Macadam, A. Abadi, J. Fin-layson, and T. Ramilan. 2015. Climate change impacts on phenology and yields of five broadacre crops at four climatologically distinct locations in Australia. Agric. Sys. 132: 133–144.
  • 5. Arunrat, N., C. Wang, N. Pumijumnong, S. Sereenonchai and W. Cai. 2017. Farmers' intention and decision to adapt to climate change: A case study in the Yom and Nan basins, Phichit province of Thailand. J. Cleaner Prod. 143: 672-685.
  • 6. Canola Council of Canada. 2019. Canola meal feeding guide, Feed Industry Guide, 6th ed, Canola Council of Canada Publications; Winnipeg, MB, Canada, Accessed Apr. 2021.
  • 7. Cardone, M., M. Mazzoncini, S. Menini, V. Rocco, A. Senatore, M. Seggiani, and S. Vitolo. 2003. Brassica carinata as an alternative oil crop to produce biodiesel in Italy: Agronomic evaluation, fuel production by transesterification and characterization. Biomass and Bioenergy, 25(6): 623-636.
  • 8. Dutta, A. 2014. Impact of improvised production technology for rapeseed-mustard in West Bengal. J. Crop Weed. 10: 272-276.
  • 9. Erdogdu, Y. and E. Esendal. 2021. Multi-environment trial analysis by parametric and non-parametric stability parameters for seed yield in winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) genotypes. Turk. J. Field Crops, 26(1): 71-78.
  • 10. Fatima, Z., M. Ahmed, M. Hussain, G. Abbas, S. Ul-Allah, S., Ahmad, N. Ahmed, M.A. Ali, G. Sarwar, E. ul Haque and P. Iqbal. 2020. The fingerprints of climate warming on cereal crops phenology and adaptation options. Sci. Rep. 10(1):1-21.
  • 11. He, H., Y. Lei, Z. Yi, A. Raza, L. Zeng, L. Yan, D. Xiaoyu, C. Yong, and Z. Xiling. 2021. Study on the mechanism of exogenous serotonin improving cold tolerance of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) seedlings. Plant Growth Regul. 94(2):161-170.
  • 12. Hegelund, J.N., C. Liang, U.B. Lauridsen, O. Kemp, H. Lütken and R. Müller. 2018. Increasing genetic variability in oilseed rape (Brassica napus)–genotypes and phenotypes of oilseed rape transformed by wild type Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Plant Sci. 271: 20-26.
  • 13. Hussain, H.A., S. Men, S. Hussain, Y. Chen, S. Ali, S. Zhang, K. Zhang, Y. Li, Q. Xu, C. Liao, and L. Wang. 2019. Interactive effects of drought and heat stresses on morpho-physiological attributes, yield, nutrient uptake and oxidative status in maize hybrids. Sci. Rep. 9(1): 1-12.
  • 14. Iqbal, M., N. Akhtar, S. Zafar and I. Ali. 2008. Genotypic responses for yield and seed oil quality of two Brassica species under semi-arid environmental conditions. South Afr. J. Bot. 74(4): 567-571.
  • 15. Ismaili, A., A. Salavati, and P.P. Mohammadi. 2014. A comparative proteomic analysis of responses to high temperature stress in hypocotyl of canola (Brassica napus L.). Protein and Peptide Letters, 22(3): 285–299.
  • 16. Licata, M., S. La Bella, C. Leto, G. Bonsangue, M.C. Gennaro, and T. Tuttolomondo. 2017. Agronomic evaluation of Ethiopian mustard (brassica Carinata A. Braun) germplasm and physical-energy characterization of crop residues in a semi-arid area of Sicily (Italy). Chem. Eng. Trans. 58: 535-540.
  • 17. Manaf, A., M. Raheel, A. Sher, A. Sattar, S.U. Allah, A. Qayyum and Q. Hussain. 2019b. Interactive effect of zinc fertilization and cultivar on yield and nutritional attributes of canola (Brassica napus L.). J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. 19(3): 671-677.
  • 18. Mustafa, H.S.B., T. Mahmood, A. Hameed and Q. Ali. 2018. Enhancing food security in arid areas of Pakistan through newly developed drought tolerant and short duration mustard (Brassica Juncea L.) canola. Genetika, 50(1): 21-31.
  • 19. Namazkar, S., A. Stockmarr, G. Frenck, H. Egsgaard, T. Terkelsen, T. Mikkelsen, C.H. Ingvordsen and R.B. Jørgensen. 2016. Concurrent elevation of CO2, O3 and temperature severely affects oil quality and quantity in rapeseed. J. Exp. Bot. 67(14): 4117-4125.
  • 20. Paula, E.M., L.G. da Silva, V.L.N. Brandao, X. Dai, and A.P. Faciola. 2019. Feeding Canola, Camelina, and Carinata Meals to Ruminants. Animal (Basel). 9(10): 704. doi: 10.3390/ani9100704.
  • 21. Pérez‐Vich, B., L. Velasco and J.M. Fernández‐Martínez. 1998. Determination of seed oil content and fatty acid composition in sunflower through the analysis of intact seeds, husked seeds, meal and oil by near‐infrared reflectance spectroscopy. J. Amer. Oil Chem. Soc. 75(5): 547-555.
  • 22. Puhl, L.E., D.J. Miralles, C.G. López, L.B. Iriarte and D.P. Rondanini. 2019. Genotype× environment interaction on the yield of spring oilseed rape (Brassica napus) under rainfed conditions in Argentine Pampas. The J. Agric. Sci. 157(3): 235-244.
  • 23. Raboanatahiry, N., H. Li, L. Yu, and M. Li. 2021. Rapeseed (Brassica napus): Processing, utilization, and genetic improvement. Agronomy, 11(9):1776. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11091776.
  • 24. Sabagh, A.E., A. Hossain, C. Barutçular, M.S. Islam, D. Ratnasekera, N. Kumar, R.S. Meena, H.S. Gharib, H. Saneoka and J.A.T. da Silva. 2019. Drought and salinity stress management for higher and sustainable canola ('Brassica napus' L.) production: A critical review. Aust. J. Crop Sci. 13(1): 88-96.
  • 25. Safdari-Monfared, N., N.M. Ghorban and E. Majidi-Heravan. 2020. Effects of sowing date and glycine betaine application on yield components and oil yield in canola (Brassica napus l.). Turk. J. Field Crops. 25(1): 32-40.
  • 26. Seepaul, R., S. Kumar, J.E. Iboyi, M. Bashyal, T.L. Stansly, R. Bennett, K.J. Boote, M.J. Mulvaney, I.M. Small, S. George, and D.L. Wright. 2021. Brassica carinata: Biology and agronomy as a biofuel crop. GCB, Bioenergy, 13(3): 582-599.
  • 27. Sher, A., A. Sattar, M. Ijaz, A. Nawaz, T.A. Yasir, M. Hussain and M. Yaseen. 2021. Combined foliage application of zinc and boron improves achene yield, oil quality and net returns in sunflower hybrids under an arid climate. Turk. J. Field Crops. 26(1): 18-24.
  • 28. Sher, A., F.U. Hassan, H. Ali, M. Ijaz, A. Sattar, T.A. Yasir, S.U. Allah and A. Qayyum. 2017. Climatic variation effects on canola (Brassica napus) genotypes. Pak. J. Bot. 49(SI): 111–117.
  • 29. Sher, A., M. Kashif, A. Sattar, A. Qayyum, S.U. Allah, A. Nawaz and A. Manaf. 2019. Characterization of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) germplasm for morphological and quality traits in an arid environment. Turk. J. Field Crops. 24(2): 132-137.
  • 30. Singer, S.D., J. Zou, and R.J. Weselake. 2016. Abiotic factors influence plant storage lipid accumulation and composition. Plant Sci. 243:1–9.
  • 31. Singh, J., V. Singh, T.V. Vineeth, P. Kumar, N. Kumar and P.C. Sharma. 2019. Differential response of Indian mustard (Brassica Juncea L., Czern and Coss) under salinity: photosynthetic traits and gene expression. Phy. Mol. Biol. Plants. 25(1):71-83.
  • 32. Spasibionek, S., K. Mikołajczyk, H. Ćwiek–Kupczyńska, T. Piętka, K. Krótka, M. Matuszczak, J. Nowakowska, K. Michalski and I. Bartkowiak-Broda. 2020. Marker assisted selection of new high oleic and low linolenic winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) inbred lines revealing good agricultural value. PloS one. 15(6):p.e0233959.
  • 33. Steel, R.G.D. and J.H. Torrie. 1997. Principles and procedures of statistics. McGraw-Hill, New York.
  • 34. Xiao, D. and F. Tao. 2014. Contributions of cultivars, management and climate change to winter wheat yield in the North China Plain in the past three decades. Eur. J. Agron. 52:112–122.
  • 35.Zhang, H., J.D. Berger and C. Herrmann. 2017. Yield stability and adaptability of canola (Brassica napus L.) in multiple environment trials. Euphytica, 213(7):1-21.

Year 2023, Volume: 28 Issue: 1, 57 - 63, 21.06.2023

Ahmad Sher Sami Ul Allah Abdul Sattar Muhammad Ijaz Abdul Qayyum Abdul Manaf Bushra Sarwar

https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.1093305

Abstract

References

  • 1. Abideen, S.N.U., F. Nadeem, and S.A. Abideen. 2013. Genetic variability and correlation studies in Brassica napus L. genotypes. Int. J. Innov. Appl. Stud. 2(4): 574-581.
  • 2. Ahmad, S., M. Nadeem, G. Abbas, Z. Fatima, R.J.Z. Khan, M. Ahmed, and M.A. Khan. 2016. Quantification of the effects of climate warming and crop management on sugarcane phenology. Climate Res. 71: 47–61.
  • 3. Aktar, T., M. Nuruzzaman, M.S. Rana, M.M. Huda, M.A. Hossain and L. Hassan. 2019. Genetic parameters and diversity studies of yield and yield contributing characters in Brassica genotypes. J. Bang. Agric. Univ. 17(3): 295-300.
  • 4. Anwar, M.R., D.L. Liu, R. Farquharson, I. Macadam, A. Abadi, J. Fin-layson, and T. Ramilan. 2015. Climate change impacts on phenology and yields of five broadacre crops at four climatologically distinct locations in Australia. Agric. Sys. 132: 133–144.
  • 5. Arunrat, N., C. Wang, N. Pumijumnong, S. Sereenonchai and W. Cai. 2017. Farmers' intention and decision to adapt to climate change: A case study in the Yom and Nan basins, Phichit province of Thailand. J. Cleaner Prod. 143: 672-685.
  • 6. Canola Council of Canada. 2019. Canola meal feeding guide, Feed Industry Guide, 6th ed, Canola Council of Canada Publications; Winnipeg, MB, Canada, Accessed Apr. 2021.
  • 7. Cardone, M., M. Mazzoncini, S. Menini, V. Rocco, A. Senatore, M. Seggiani, and S. Vitolo. 2003. Brassica carinata as an alternative oil crop to produce biodiesel in Italy: Agronomic evaluation, fuel production by transesterification and characterization. Biomass and Bioenergy, 25(6): 623-636.
  • 8. Dutta, A. 2014. Impact of improvised production technology for rapeseed-mustard in West Bengal. J. Crop Weed. 10: 272-276.
  • 9. Erdogdu, Y. and E. Esendal. 2021. Multi-environment trial analysis by parametric and non-parametric stability parameters for seed yield in winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) genotypes. Turk. J. Field Crops, 26(1): 71-78.
  • 10. Fatima, Z., M. Ahmed, M. Hussain, G. Abbas, S. Ul-Allah, S., Ahmad, N. Ahmed, M.A. Ali, G. Sarwar, E. ul Haque and P. Iqbal. 2020. The fingerprints of climate warming on cereal crops phenology and adaptation options. Sci. Rep. 10(1):1-21.
  • 11. He, H., Y. Lei, Z. Yi, A. Raza, L. Zeng, L. Yan, D. Xiaoyu, C. Yong, and Z. Xiling. 2021. Study on the mechanism of exogenous serotonin improving cold tolerance of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) seedlings. Plant Growth Regul. 94(2):161-170.
  • 12. Hegelund, J.N., C. Liang, U.B. Lauridsen, O. Kemp, H. Lütken and R. Müller. 2018. Increasing genetic variability in oilseed rape (Brassica napus)–genotypes and phenotypes of oilseed rape transformed by wild type Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Plant Sci. 271: 20-26.
  • 13. Hussain, H.A., S. Men, S. Hussain, Y. Chen, S. Ali, S. Zhang, K. Zhang, Y. Li, Q. Xu, C. Liao, and L. Wang. 2019. Interactive effects of drought and heat stresses on morpho-physiological attributes, yield, nutrient uptake and oxidative status in maize hybrids. Sci. Rep. 9(1): 1-12.
  • 14. Iqbal, M., N. Akhtar, S. Zafar and I. Ali. 2008. Genotypic responses for yield and seed oil quality of two Brassica species under semi-arid environmental conditions. South Afr. J. Bot. 74(4): 567-571.
  • 15. Ismaili, A., A. Salavati, and P.P. Mohammadi. 2014. A comparative proteomic analysis of responses to high temperature stress in hypocotyl of canola (Brassica napus L.). Protein and Peptide Letters, 22(3): 285–299.
  • 16. Licata, M., S. La Bella, C. Leto, G. Bonsangue, M.C. Gennaro, and T. Tuttolomondo. 2017. Agronomic evaluation of Ethiopian mustard (brassica Carinata A. Braun) germplasm and physical-energy characterization of crop residues in a semi-arid area of Sicily (Italy). Chem. Eng. Trans. 58: 535-540.
  • 17. Manaf, A., M. Raheel, A. Sher, A. Sattar, S.U. Allah, A. Qayyum and Q. Hussain. 2019b. Interactive effect of zinc fertilization and cultivar on yield and nutritional attributes of canola (Brassica napus L.). J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. 19(3): 671-677.
  • 18. Mustafa, H.S.B., T. Mahmood, A. Hameed and Q. Ali. 2018. Enhancing food security in arid areas of Pakistan through newly developed drought tolerant and short duration mustard (Brassica Juncea L.) canola. Genetika, 50(1): 21-31.
  • 19. Namazkar, S., A. Stockmarr, G. Frenck, H. Egsgaard, T. Terkelsen, T. Mikkelsen, C.H. Ingvordsen and R.B. Jørgensen. 2016. Concurrent elevation of CO2, O3 and temperature severely affects oil quality and quantity in rapeseed. J. Exp. Bot. 67(14): 4117-4125.
  • 20. Paula, E.M., L.G. da Silva, V.L.N. Brandao, X. Dai, and A.P. Faciola. 2019. Feeding Canola, Camelina, and Carinata Meals to Ruminants. Animal (Basel). 9(10): 704. doi: 10.3390/ani9100704.
  • 21. Pérez‐Vich, B., L. Velasco and J.M. Fernández‐Martínez. 1998. Determination of seed oil content and fatty acid composition in sunflower through the analysis of intact seeds, husked seeds, meal and oil by near‐infrared reflectance spectroscopy. J. Amer. Oil Chem. Soc. 75(5): 547-555.
  • 22. Puhl, L.E., D.J. Miralles, C.G. López, L.B. Iriarte and D.P. Rondanini. 2019. Genotype× environment interaction on the yield of spring oilseed rape (Brassica napus) under rainfed conditions in Argentine Pampas. The J. Agric. Sci. 157(3): 235-244.
  • 23. Raboanatahiry, N., H. Li, L. Yu, and M. Li. 2021. Rapeseed (Brassica napus): Processing, utilization, and genetic improvement. Agronomy, 11(9):1776. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11091776.
  • 24. Sabagh, A.E., A. Hossain, C. Barutçular, M.S. Islam, D. Ratnasekera, N. Kumar, R.S. Meena, H.S. Gharib, H. Saneoka and J.A.T. da Silva. 2019. Drought and salinity stress management for higher and sustainable canola ('Brassica napus' L.) production: A critical review. Aust. J. Crop Sci. 13(1): 88-96.
  • 25. Safdari-Monfared, N., N.M. Ghorban and E. Majidi-Heravan. 2020. Effects of sowing date and glycine betaine application on yield components and oil yield in canola (Brassica napus l.). Turk. J. Field Crops. 25(1): 32-40.
  • 26. Seepaul, R., S. Kumar, J.E. Iboyi, M. Bashyal, T.L. Stansly, R. Bennett, K.J. Boote, M.J. Mulvaney, I.M. Small, S. George, and D.L. Wright. 2021. Brassica carinata: Biology and agronomy as a biofuel crop. GCB, Bioenergy, 13(3): 582-599.
  • 27. Sher, A., A. Sattar, M. Ijaz, A. Nawaz, T.A. Yasir, M. Hussain and M. Yaseen. 2021. Combined foliage application of zinc and boron improves achene yield, oil quality and net returns in sunflower hybrids under an arid climate. Turk. J. Field Crops. 26(1): 18-24.
  • 28. Sher, A., F.U. Hassan, H. Ali, M. Ijaz, A. Sattar, T.A. Yasir, S.U. Allah and A. Qayyum. 2017. Climatic variation effects on canola (Brassica napus) genotypes. Pak. J. Bot. 49(SI): 111–117.
  • 29. Sher, A., M. Kashif, A. Sattar, A. Qayyum, S.U. Allah, A. Nawaz and A. Manaf. 2019. Characterization of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) germplasm for morphological and quality traits in an arid environment. Turk. J. Field Crops. 24(2): 132-137.
  • 30. Singer, S.D., J. Zou, and R.J. Weselake. 2016. Abiotic factors influence plant storage lipid accumulation and composition. Plant Sci. 243:1–9.
  • 31. Singh, J., V. Singh, T.V. Vineeth, P. Kumar, N. Kumar and P.C. Sharma. 2019. Differential response of Indian mustard (Brassica Juncea L., Czern and Coss) under salinity: photosynthetic traits and gene expression. Phy. Mol. Biol. Plants. 25(1):71-83.
  • 32. Spasibionek, S., K. Mikołajczyk, H. Ćwiek–Kupczyńska, T. Piętka, K. Krótka, M. Matuszczak, J. Nowakowska, K. Michalski and I. Bartkowiak-Broda. 2020. Marker assisted selection of new high oleic and low linolenic winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) inbred lines revealing good agricultural value. PloS one. 15(6):p.e0233959.
  • 33. Steel, R.G.D. and J.H. Torrie. 1997. Principles and procedures of statistics. McGraw-Hill, New York.
  • 34. Xiao, D. and F. Tao. 2014. Contributions of cultivars, management and climate change to winter wheat yield in the North China Plain in the past three decades. Eur. J. Agron. 52:112–122.
  • 35.Zhang, H., J.D. Berger and C. Herrmann. 2017. Yield stability and adaptability of canola (Brassica napus L.) in multiple environment trials. Euphytica, 213(7):1-21.
There are 35 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Agronomy
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ahmad Sher 0000-0003-2320-0876

Sami Ul Allah This is me 0000-0003-1619-9432

Abdul Sattar This is me

Muhammad Ijaz This is me

Abdul Qayyum This is me 0000-0001-5322-7936

Abdul Manaf This is me

Bushra Sarwar This is me

Publication Date June 21, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 28 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Sher, A., Allah, S. U., Sattar, A., Ijaz, M., et al. (2023). AGRONOMIC SEED PRODUCTION AND OIL QUALITY EVALUATION OF VARIOUS BRASSICA SPECIES GROWN UNDER SEMI-ARID CLIMATIC CONDITION. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops, 28(1), 57-63. https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.1093305
AMA Sher A, Allah SU, Sattar A, Ijaz M, Qayyum A, Manaf A, Sarwar B. AGRONOMIC SEED PRODUCTION AND OIL QUALITY EVALUATION OF VARIOUS BRASSICA SPECIES GROWN UNDER SEMI-ARID CLIMATIC CONDITION. TJFC. June 2023;28(1):57-63. doi:10.17557/tjfc.1093305
Chicago Sher, Ahmad, Sami Ul Allah, Abdul Sattar, Muhammad Ijaz, Abdul Qayyum, Abdul Manaf, and Bushra Sarwar. “AGRONOMIC SEED PRODUCTION AND OIL QUALITY EVALUATION OF VARIOUS BRASSICA SPECIES GROWN UNDER SEMI-ARID CLIMATIC CONDITION”. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops 28, no. 1 (June 2023): 57-63. https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.1093305.
EndNote Sher A, Allah SU, Sattar A, Ijaz M, Qayyum A, Manaf A, Sarwar B (June 1, 2023) AGRONOMIC SEED PRODUCTION AND OIL QUALITY EVALUATION OF VARIOUS BRASSICA SPECIES GROWN UNDER SEMI-ARID CLIMATIC CONDITION. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops 28 1 57–63.
IEEE A. Sher, “AGRONOMIC SEED PRODUCTION AND OIL QUALITY EVALUATION OF VARIOUS BRASSICA SPECIES GROWN UNDER SEMI-ARID CLIMATIC CONDITION”, TJFC, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 57–63, 2023, doi: 10.17557/tjfc.1093305.
ISNAD Sher, Ahmad et al. “AGRONOMIC SEED PRODUCTION AND OIL QUALITY EVALUATION OF VARIOUS BRASSICA SPECIES GROWN UNDER SEMI-ARID CLIMATIC CONDITION”. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops 28/1 (June 2023), 57-63. https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.1093305.
JAMA Sher A, Allah SU, Sattar A, Ijaz M, Qayyum A, Manaf A, Sarwar B. AGRONOMIC SEED PRODUCTION AND OIL QUALITY EVALUATION OF VARIOUS BRASSICA SPECIES GROWN UNDER SEMI-ARID CLIMATIC CONDITION. TJFC. 2023;28:57–63.
MLA Sher, Ahmad et al. “AGRONOMIC SEED PRODUCTION AND OIL QUALITY EVALUATION OF VARIOUS BRASSICA SPECIES GROWN UNDER SEMI-ARID CLIMATIC CONDITION”. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops, vol. 28, no. 1, 2023, pp. 57-63, doi:10.17557/tjfc.1093305.
Vancouver Sher A, Allah SU, Sattar A, Ijaz M, Qayyum A, Manaf A, Sarwar B. AGRONOMIC SEED PRODUCTION AND OIL QUALITY EVALUATION OF VARIOUS BRASSICA SPECIES GROWN UNDER SEMI-ARID CLIMATIC CONDITION. TJFC. 2023;28(1):57-63.
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