The chapter starts with some general overview about the legal system of Vietnam at this moment, which is in transition from a strict socialist legal ideology to a market based system based on civil law tradition and international laws' standards. Within the system, the family law in general and child support law in particular has evolved quite early right from the 1950's. It is now being regulated by a number of statutes, regulations and guidance including custom to some extent considered as sources of family law. General speaking, because of the central role of family in a society, children are paid special attention by the law making people. The family law of Vietnam makes no difference between biological or adopted; in-wedlock and out of wedlock and female or male children. Parents always bear the duties of care, education and rearing of children even if they get divorced. The legality of a child's parent relationship does not affect the child rights to support. The child support right is protected by a number of remedies including civil, administrative and criminal remedies exercised by different authorities and persons. Even though the laws themselves and the remedies incorporated in various legal documents have been consistently amended to better protect the legitimate rights of children, challenges remain unresolved to certain extent such as weak enforcement or outdated provisions and especially trend of increasing number of foreign marriages between Vietnamese people and foreigners. The challenges require more coordinated efforts to address.