Vet Med - Czech, 2023, 68(7):271-280 | DOI: 10.17221/80/2022-VETMED

Therapeutic potential of natural products and antibiotics against bovine mastitis pathogen of cows and buffaloesOriginal Paper

W Khan1, SA Khan1, FA Khan1, S Khan1, I Ullah1, A Shah1, I Uddin2, S Khan2, H Khan1, MN Uddin1, F Akbar1, N Qayum1
1 Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan
2 Veterinary Research and Disease Investigation Center, Balogram, Swat, Pakistan

The present study aims to evaluate the prevalence and antimicrobial sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus associated with bovine mastitis to selected antibiotics and plant extracts. In the current study, 140 milk samples were collected from cows and buffaloes. Among the 140 samples, 93 samples were positive for sub-clinical mastitis based on the California Mastitis Test (CMT). Out of the total positive samples, 45 were confirmed for S. aureus on a Mannitol salt agar media. The antimicrobial susceptibility test revealed that 44.82% of the isolates were resistant to cefoxitin (oxacillin) confirming methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) with a higher percentage (51.61%) in the buffalo than in the cow samples. Furthermore, the PCR assay confirmed the presence of the mecA gene in all the MRSA isolates. Among the seven tested antibiotics, sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim showed high efficacy (71.1%) against methicillin-susceptible S. aureus isolates (MSSA). Oxytetracycline and sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim showed 20% efficacy against MRSA followed by enrofloxacin (10%). On the other hand, the tested samples from Pistacia chinensis revealed that the ethyl acetate extract of bark showed a maximum zone of inhibition of 21.3 mm against MSSA and MRSA isolates at 3 000 µg/disc. Moreover, the methanol extract of Cotoneaster microphyllus formed a 12.3 mm and 9.1 mm zone of inhibition against the MSSA and MRSA isolates, respectively.

Keywords: antibacterial activity; Cotoneaster microphyllus; mecA gene; Pistacia chinensis; Staphylococcus aureus

Received: September 13, 2022; Accepted: June 19, 2023; Prepublished online: July 27, 2023; Published: July 29, 2023  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Khan W, Khan S, Khan F, Khan S, Ullah I, Shah A, et al.. Therapeutic potential of natural products and antibiotics against bovine mastitis pathogen of cows and buffaloes. Vet Med-Czech. 2023;68(7):271-280. doi: 10.17221/80/2022-VETMED.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Abebe R, Hatiya H, Abera M, Megersa B, Asmare K. Bovine mastitis: Prevalence, risk factors and isolation of Staphylococcus aureus in dairy herds at Hawassa milk shed, South Ethiopia. BMC Vet Res. 2016 Dec 3;12(1):270. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    2. Ahmad R, Pieters L, Riaz M. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of crude extracts of two medicinal plants Pistacia integerrima and Debregeasia salicifolia. Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res. 2013 Jan-Feb;18(1):13-7.
    3. Ahmad SI, Rahman HU. The emerging trend of brucella abortus zoonotic incidence in both human and animal populations of district Swat Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa. European J Biomed Pharm Sci. 2019 Jan;6(1):123-30.
    4. Algammal AM, Enany ME, El-Tarabili RM, Ghobashy MOI, Helmy YA. Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance profiles, virulence and enterotoxin determinant genes of MRSA isolated from subclinical bovine mastitis samples in Egypt. Pathogens. 2020 May 9;9(5):362. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    5. Anjum MF, Marco-Jimenez F, Duncan D, Marin C, Smith RP, Evans SJ. Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from animals and animal products in the UK. Front Microbiol. 2019 Sep 12;10:2136. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    6. Aqib AI, Ijaz M, Farooqi SH, Raza A. Dairy Staphylococcus aureus: Epidemiology, drug susceptibilities, drug modulation and preventive measures. London, UK: Intech Open Limited; 2019. p. 57-73.
    7. Askari E, Soleymani F, Arianpoor A, Tabatabai SM, Amini A, Naderinasab M. Epidemiology of mecA-methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2012 Sep;15(5):1010-9.
    8. Bergonier D, Sobral D, Fessler AT, Jacquet E, Gilbert FB, Schwarz S, Treilles M, Bouloc P, Pourcel C, Vergnaud G. Staphylococcus aureus from 152 cases of bovine, ovine and caprine mastitis investigated by Multiple-locus variable number of tandem repeat analysis (MLVA). Vet Res. 2014 Oct 2;45(1):97. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    9. Chandrasekaran D, Venkatesan P, Tirumurugaan KG, Nambi AP, Thirunavukkarasu PS, Kumanan K, Vairamuthu S, Ramesh S. Pattern of antibiotic resistant mastitis in dairy cows. Vet World. 2014 Jun 1;7(6):389-94. Go to original source...
    10. Collee JG, Mackie TJ, McCartney JE. Mackie & McCartney practical medical microbiology. New York, USA: Harcourt Health Sciences; 1996. 978 p.
    11. Dedoussis GV, Kaliora AC, Psarras S, Chiou A, Mylona A, Papadopoulos NG, Andrikopoulos NK. Antiatherogenic effect of Pistacia lentiscus via GSH restoration and downregulation of CD36 mRNA expression. Atherosclerosis. 2004 Jun;174(2):293-303. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    12. Dibah S, Arzanlou M, Jannati E, Shapouri R. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance pattern of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains isolated from clinical specimens in Ardabil, Iran. Iran J Microbiol. 2014 Jun;6(3):163-8.
    13. Dieser SA, Vissio C, Lasagno MC, Bogni CI, Larriestra AJ, Odierno LM. Prevalence of pathogens causing subclinical mastitis in Argentinean dairy herds. Pak Vet J. 2014 Mar 1;34(1):124-6.
    14. Dingwell RT, Leslie KE, Schukken YH, Sargeant JM, Timms LL. Evaluation of the California mastitis test to detect an intramammary infection with a major pathogen in early lactation dairy cows. Can Vet J. 2003 May;44(5):413-5.
    15. Duru ME, Cakir A, Kordali S, Zengin H, Harmandar M, Izumi S, Hirata T. Chemical composition and antifungal properties of essential oils of three Pistacia species. Fitoterapia. 2003 Feb;74(1-2):170-6. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    16. El-Sayed MAE, Zhong LL, Shen C, Yang Y, Doi Y, Tian GB. Colistin and its role in the Era of antibiotic resistance: An extended review (2000-2019). Emerg Microbes Infect. 2020 Dec;9(1):868-85. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    17. Esmaeili S, Ghiaee A, Naghibi F, Mosaddegh M. Antiplasmodial activity and cytotoxicity of plants used in traditional medicine of iran for the treatment of fever. Iran J Pharm Res. 2015 Winter;14(Suppl):103-7.
    18. Guardabassi L, Larsen J, Weese JS, Butaye P, Battisti A, Kluytmans J, Lloyd DH, Skov RL. Public health impact and antimicrobial selection of methicillin-resistant staphylococci in animals. J Glob Antimicrob Resist. 2013 Jun;1(2):55-62. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    19. Gurib-Fakim A. Medicinal plants: Traditions of yesterday and drugs of tomorrow. Mol Aspects Med. 2006 Feb;27(1):1-93. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    20. Gwida MM, Saad TM, Elgohary A, Mohamed A. Characterization of methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from healthy cattle and buffaloes in a linked community. Mansoura Vet Med J. 2021 Jun 1;22(2):76-81. Go to original source...
    21. Halasa T, Huijps K, Osteras O, Hogeveen H. Economic effects of bovine mastitis and mastitis management: A review. Vet Q. 2007 Mar;29(1):18-31. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    22. Hazrat A, Nisar M, Zaman S. Antibacterial activities of sixteen species of medicinal plants reported from Dir Kohistan Valley KPK, Pakistan. Pak J Bot. 2013 Aug 1;45(4):1369-74.
    23. Hudzicki J. Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion susceptibility test protocol. Am Soc Microbiol. 2009 Dec 8;15:55-63.
    24. Indian Network for Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance (INSAR) group, India; Joshi S, Ray P, Manchanda V, Bajaj J, Chitnis DS, Gautam V, Goswami P, Gupta V, Harish BN, Kagal A, Kapil A, Rao R, Rodrigues C, Sardana R, Devi KS, Sharma A, Balaji V. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in India: Prevalence & susceptibility pattern. Indian J Med Res. 2013 Feb;137(2):363-9.
    25. Jackson CR, Davis JA, Barrett JB. Prevalence and characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from retail meat and humans in Georgia. J Clin Microbiol. 2013 Apr;51(4):1199-207. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    26. Jahanfar S, Ng CJ, Teng CL. Antibiotics for mastitis in breastfeeding women. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009 Jan 21;(1):CD005458. Update in: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;2:CD005458. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    27. Kadlec RH, Wallace S. Treatment Wetlands. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis; 2009. 1016 p. Go to original source...
    28. Khan AZ, Muhammad G. Quarter-wise comparative prevalence of mastitis in buffaloes and crossbred cows. Pakistan Vet J. 2005;25(1):9-12.
    29. Khan W, Ullah R, Wahab Z, Uddin MN. Antimicrobial effects of Verbascum thapsus L. leaf extracts. Bangladesh J Bot. 2020 Dec 31;49(4):1119-25. Go to original source...
    30. Kreausukon K, Fetsch A, Kraushaar B, Alt K, Muller K, Kromker V, Zessin KH, Kasbohrer A, Tenhagen BA. Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and molecular characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from bulk tank milk of dairy herds. J Dairy Sci. 2012 Aug;95(8):4382-8. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    31. Kumar R, Yadav BR, Singh RS. Antibiotic resistance and pathogenicity factors in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from mastitic Sahiwal cattle. J Biosci. 2011 Mar;36(1):175-88. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    32. Kvist M, Hancock V, Klemm P. Inactivation of efflux pumps abolishes bacterial biofilm formation. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2008 Dec;74(23):7376-82. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    33. Lindsey K, Jager AK, Raidoo DM, van Staden J. Screening of plants used by Southern African traditional healers in the treatment of dysmenorrhoea for prostaglandin-synthesis inhibitors and uterine relaxing activity. J Ethnopharmacol. 1999 Jan;64(1):9-14. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    34. Maalik A, Shahzad A, Iftikhar A, Rizwan M, Ahmad H, Khan I. Prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus aureus and risk factors for bovine subclinical mastitis in District Kasur, Punjab, Pakistan. Pakistan J Zool. 2019 Jun 30;51(3):1123. Go to original source...
    35. Mohamadi Sani A, Yaghooti F. Antibacterial effects and chemical composition of essential oil from Cotoneaster nummularioides leaves extract on typical food-borne pathogens. J Essent Oil-Bear Plants. 2016 Feb 17;19(2):290-6. Go to original source...
    36. Momtaz H, Dehkordi FS, Rahimi E, Asgarifar A, Momeni M. Virulence genes and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from chicken meat in Isfahan province, Iran. J Appl Poult Res. 2013 Dec 1;22(4):913-21. Go to original source...
    37. Nam HM, Lee AL, Jung SC, Kim MN, Jang GC, Wee SH, Lim SK. Antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus and characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis in Korea. Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2011 Feb;8(2):231-8. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    38. Ohno T, Kita M, Yamaoka Y, Imamura S, Yamamoto T, Mitsufuji S, Kodama T, Kashima K, Imanishi J. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils against Helicobacter pylori. Helicobacter. 2003 Jun;8(3):207-15. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    39. Ozcelik B, Aslan M, Orhan I, Karaoglu T. Antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activities of the lipophylic extracts of Pistacia vera. Microbiol Res. 2005;160(2):159-64. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    40. Paludi D, Vergara A, Festino AR, Di Ciccio P, Costanzo C, Conter M, Zanardi E, Ghidini S, Ianieri A. Antimicrobial resistance pattern of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the food industry. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2011 Oct-Dec;25(4):671-7.
    41. Paterson GK, Harrison EM, Craven EF, Petersen A, Larsen AR, Ellington MJ, Torok ME, Peacock SJ, Parkhill J, Zadoks RN, Holmes MA. Incidence and characterisation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from nasal colonisation in participants attending a cattle veterinary conference in the UK. PLoS One. 2013 Jul 15;8(7):e68463. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    42. Pyorala S. Indicators of inflammation in the diagnosis of mastitis. Vet Res. 2003 Sep-Oct;34(5):565-78. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    43. Radostits OM, Gay CC, Hinchcliff KW, Constable PD. Veterinary medicine: A textbook of the diseases of cattle, horses, sheep, pigs and goats. 10th ed. Edinburgh: Elsevier Saunders; 2007. p. 2045-50.
    44. Rashed K, Said A, Abdo A, Selim S. Antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of Pistacia chinensis Bunge leaves. Int Food Res J. 2016;23(1):316-21.
    45. Resch G, Francois P, Morisset D, Stojanov M, Bonetti EJ, Schrenzel J, Sakwinska O, Moreillon P. Human-to-bovine jump of Staphylococcus aureus CC8 is associated with the loss of a β-hemolysin converting prophage and the acquisition of a new staphylococcal cassette chromosome. PLoS One. 2013;8(3):e58187. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    46. Riva A, Borghi E, Cirasola D, Colmegna S, Borgo F, Amato E, Pontello MM, Morace G. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in raw milk: Prevalence, SCC mec typing, enterotoxin characterization, and antimicrobial resistance patterns. J Food Prot. 2015 Jun;78(6):1142-6. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    47. Saddiqe Z, Naeem I, Hannan A, Cheema Y. Extracts of Hypericum ericoides possess antibacterial activity against clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). J Appl Pharmacy. 2014 Sep 24;6(3):339-46.
    48. Safarpoor Dehkordi F, Gandomi H, Basti AA, Misaghi A, Rahimi E. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of antibiotic resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from hospital food. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2017 Oct 4;6:104. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    49. Sallam KI, Abd-Elghany SM, Elhadidy M, Tamura T. Molecular characterization and antimicrobial resistance profile of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in retail chicken. J Food Prot. 2015 Oct;78(10):1879-84. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    50. Seegers H, Fourichon C, Beaudeau F. Production effects related to mastitis and mastitis economics in dairy cattle herds. Vet Res. 2003 Sep-Oct;34(5):475-91. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    51. Shrestha A, Bhattarai RK, Luitel H, Karki S, Basnet HB. Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and pattern of antimicrobial resistance in mastitis milk of cattle in Chitwan, Nepal. BMC Vet Res. 2021 Jul 7;17(1):239. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    52. Skov R, Smyth R, Clausen M, Larsen AR, Frimodt-Moller N, Olsson-Liljequist B, Kahlmeter G. Evaluation of a cefoxitin 30 microg disc on Iso-Sensitest agar for detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2003 Aug;52(2):204-7. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    53. Taylor JL, Rabe T, McGaw LJ, Jager AK, Van Staden J. Towards the scientific validation of traditional medicinal plants. Plant Growth Regul. 2001 May;34(1):23-37. Go to original source...
    54. Turkyilmaz S, Tekbiyik S, Oryasin E, Bozdogan B. Molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance mechanisms of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine milk. Zoonoses Public Health. 2010 May;57(3):197-203. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    55. Uysal A, Gunes E. Antimicrobial and anti-MRSA effects of three extracts of some Hypericum species against standard microorganisms and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains. Curr Bioac Compd. 2015 Sep 1;11(3):146-51. Go to original source...
    56. Uysal A, Zengin G, Mollica A, Gunes E, Locatelli M, Yilmaz T, Aktumsek A. Chemical and biological insights on Cotoneaster integerrimus: A new (-)- epicatechin source for food and medicinal applications. Phytomedicine. 2016 Sep 15;23(10):979-88. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    57. Wang Y, Wu CM, Lu LM, Ren GW, Cao XY, Shen JZ. Macrolide-lincosamide-resistant phenotypes and genotypes of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine clinical mastitis. Vet Microbiol. 2008 Jul 27;130(1-2):118-25. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    58. Wikler MA. Performance standards for antimicrobial disk susceptibility tests: Approved standard. Pennsylvania, USA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2006. p. 100-16.
    59. Witte W, Strommenger B, Stanek C, Cuny C. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST398 in humans and animals, Central Europe. Emerg Infect Dis. 2007 Feb;13(2):255-8. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    60. Zengin G, Uysal A, Gunes E, Aktumsek A. Survey of phytochemical composition and biological effects of three extracts from a wild plant (Cotoneaster nummularia Fisch. et Mey.): A potential source for functional food ingredients and drug formulations. PLoS One. 2014 Nov 19;9(11):e113527. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...

    This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


    Return to the content