摘要
最近,人们发现接种2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)疫苗后出现了大量并发症,影响心脏、肾脏、胰腺、关节和皮肤。本文结合已报道的11例COVID-19疫苗(主要与信使RNA(mRNA)疫苗有关)接种后白癜风病例的数据和我们自己接种的1例非复制载体疫苗后的白癜风病例,分析探讨了其相关的病理机制。根据常见的原理,自身免疫性病变是通过病毒的抗原表位与某些人类蛋白质之间的分子模拟诱发的。我们认为这一过程的基础是胸腺负选择的破坏,导致自身反应性T细胞迁移到外周。在本文中,我们证实了疫苗和/或感染以及黑素细胞氧化应激是自身免疫反应的主要诱因。在这种情况下,白癜风的发病机制可被视为糖尿病或动脉粥样硬化等多种自身免疫性疾病发病机制的模型。此外,我们概述了一种病理机制,其中黑色素细胞氧化应激、自身反应性T细胞和胸腺功能障碍可作为干预策略的潜在目标。
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Denis KUZNETSOV: conceptualization, methodology, data curation, formal analysis, project administration, writing – original draft, and visualization. Oleg KALYUZHIN and Andrey MIRONOV: conceptualization, data curation, methodology, formal analysis, and writing – review & editing. Valery NESCHISLIAEV: writing – review & editing and formal analysis. Anastasiia KUZNETSOVA: visualization and writing – review & editing. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript, and therefore, have full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity and security of the data.
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Denis KUZNETSOV, Oleg KALYUZHIN, Andrey MIRONOV, Valery NESCHISLIAEV, and Anastasiia KUZNETSOVA declare that they have no conflict of interest.
All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (Biomedical Ethics Committee of the G.N. Gabrichevsky Scientific and Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, extract from Minutes No. 60A) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2013. Informed consent was obtained from the patient for being included in the study. Additional informed consent was obtained from the patient for whom identifying information is included in this article.
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Kuznetsov, D., Kalyuzhin, O., Mironov, A. et al. A case of vitiligo after COVID-19 vaccination: a possible role of thymic dysfunction. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B 24, 1141–1150 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B2300025
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B2300025