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Canada Thistle (Cirsium arvense) Suppression with Buckwheat or Sudangrass Cover Crops and Mowing

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Abram J. Bicksler  and
John B. Masiunas
Abram J. Bicksler
Affiliation:
Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois, 1201 W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL 61801
John B. Masiunas*
Affiliation:
Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois, 1201 W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL 61801
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: masiunas@illinois.edu.
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Abstract

Canada thistle is a perennial spreading weed that is difficult to control in farming systems with reduced reliance upon herbicides for weed management. Experiments were conducted from 2006 to 2008 at Champaign, IL, to evaluate the combined effects of summer annual cover crops and mowing on Canada thistle growth and survival. Whole plot treatments were fallow, buckwheat, sudangrass–cowpea mixture (MIX), and sudangrass. The subplot treatments were mowing frequencies (0 to 2 times). Cover crop and mowing did not interact to suppress Canada thistle. MIX and sudangrass produced more standing biomass, greater regrowth, and more surface mulch following mowing than the buckwheat. A single season with sudangrass or MIX reduced Canada thistle shoot density and mass to less than 20% of the initial values through two growing seasons. Mowing alone only suppressed Canada thistle shoot density and mass on the site with greater initial density. A sudangrass or MIX cover crop alone or combined with mowing suppresses Canada thistle, but intensive management must continue for several years to eliminate patches.

Keywords

Canada thistle, Cirsium arvense (L.) Scopbuckwheat, Fagopyrum esculentum Moenchcowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walpsudangrass, Sorghum sudanense (Piper) StapfAlternative weed managementorganic agriculturecompetitionperennial weed
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 23 , Issue 4 , December 2009 , pp. 556 - 563
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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