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Evaluation of Three Winter Cereals for Weed Control in Conservation-Tillage Nontransgenic Cotton

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

D. Wayne Reeves ,
Andrew J. Price  and
Michael G. Patterson
D. Wayne Reeves
Affiliation:
J. Phil Campbell, Sr.—Natural Resource Conservation Center, 1420 Experiment Station Road, Watkinsville, GA 30677
Andrew J. Price*
Affiliation:
National Soil Dynamics Laboratory, Agriculture Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 411 South Donahue Drive, Auburn, AL 36832
Michael G. Patterson
Affiliation:
Agronomy and Soils Department, Auburn University, 202 Funchess Hall, Auburn, AL 36830
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: aprice@ars.usda.gov
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Abstract

The increased use of conservation tillage in cotton production requires that information be developed on the role of cover crops in weed control. Field experiments were conducted from fall 1994 through fall 1997 in Alabama to evaluate three winter cereal cover crops in a high-residue, conservation-tillage, nontransgenic cotton production system. Black oat, rye, and wheat were evaluated for their weed-suppressive characteristics compared to a winter fallow system. Three herbicide systems were used: no herbicide, preemergence (PRE) herbicides alone, and PRE plus postemergence (POST) herbicides. The PRE system consisted of pendimethalin at 1.12 kg ai/ha plus fluometuron at 1.7 kg ai/ha. The PRE plus POST system contained an additional application of fluometuron at 1.12 kg/ha plus DSMA at 1.7 kg ai/ha early POST directed (PDS) and lactofen at 0.2 kg ai/ha plus cyanazine at 0.84 kg ai/ha late PDS. No cover crop was effective in controlling weeds without a herbicide. However, when black oat or rye was used with PRE herbicides, weed control was similar to the PRE plus POST system. Rye and black oat provided more effective weed control than wheat in conservation-tillage cotton. The winter fallow, PRE plus POST input system yielded significantly less cotton in 2 of 3 yr compared to systems that included a winter cover crop. Use of black oat or rye cover crops has the potential to increase cotton productivity and reduce herbicide inputs for nontransgenic cotton grown in the Southeast.

Keywords

Black oat, Avena strigosa Schreb. ‘SoilSaver’rye, Secale cereale L. ‘Elbon’wheat, Triticum aestivum L. ‘Pioneer P26 J61’cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. ‘Deltapine DP 5690’, ‘Deltapine NuCotn 35B’Allelopathycover cropsDAP, days after plantingPDS, postemergence-directed sprayPOST, postemergencePRE, preemergence
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 19 , Issue 3 , September 2005 , pp. 731 - 736
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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