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The Effect of Season of Picloram and Chlorsulfuron Application on Dalmatian Toadflax (Linaria genistifolia) on Prescribed Burns

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

James S. Jacobs  and
Roger L. Sheley
James S. Jacobs*
Affiliation:
Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717
Roger L. Sheley
Affiliation:
USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, Burns, OR 97720
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: jsjacobs@montana.edu
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Abstract

Herbicides are an important tool for managing weeds where prescribed fire is used for rangeland improvement. Understanding how the season of herbicide application relates to prescribed burning is important. Our objective was to determine the effect of picloram and chlorsulfuron on Dalmatian toadflax cover, density, and biomass, where these herbicides were applied in the fall before burning or in the spring before or after burning. Six herbicide treatments and an untreated check were applied in a randomized complete block design with four replications to a prescribed burn at two sites infested with Dalmatian toadflax in Montana, United States. Herbicides were applied in the fall preburn, spring preburn, and spring postburn. Site 1 was treated in 1999 and 2000, and site 2 was treated in 2000 and 2001. Cover, biomass, and density of Dalmatian toadflax were sampled in September 2000, 2001, and 2002 at site 1 and September 2001 and 2002 at site 2. At site 1, cover, biomass, and density of Dalmatian toadflax were at least 76% lower compared with the check in both spring-applied picloram treatments, whereas the fall picloram treatment had similar Dalmatian toadflax cover, biomass, and density compared with the check 3 yr after application. By 2002, chlorsulfuron reduced Dalmatian toadflax cover, biomass, and density by at least 79% compared with the check in all timings of application at site 1. At site 2, Dalmatian toadflax cover, biomass, and density were reduced by at least 86% for all picloram and chlorsulfuron treatments in 2002, 2 yr after application. Chlorsulfuron applied in the fall or the spring and picloram applied in the spring effectively suppressed Dalmatian toadflax cover, biomass, and density for up to 3 yr.

Keywords

ChlorsulfuronpicloramDalmatian toadflax, Linaria genistifolia ssp. dalmatica (L.) Maire # LINDAIntegrated weed managementinvasive weedsnoxious rangeland weedsrestoration using fire and herbicides
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 19 , Issue 2 , June 2005 , pp. 319 - 324
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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