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Identifying Critical Control Points in the Wild Oat (Avena fatua) Life Cycle and the Potential Effects of Harvest Weed-Seed Control

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Breanne D. Tidemann ,
Linda M. Hall ,
K. Neil Harker  and
Brendan C. S. Alexander
Breanne D. Tidemann*
Affiliation:
Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 410 Agriculture and Forestry Center, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
Linda M. Hall
Affiliation:
Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 410 Agriculture and Forestry Center, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
K. Neil Harker
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 6000 C&E Trail, Lacombe, AB T4L 1W1, Canada
Brendan C. S. Alexander
Affiliation:
Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 410 Agriculture and Forestry Center, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: blaturnu@ualberta.ca
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Abstract

Wild oat is a problematic weed species that requires new management techniques in the face of herbicide resistance; harvest weed-seed control (HWSC) may be an option. Wild oat demographic information was collected in long-term, rotational field studies in Lacombe, AB, Canada, in 2006 and 2007, and a periodic matrix model was parameterized using management extremes (no IPM, no herbicide to high IPM, and full herbicide). Population growth rates were calculated for each treatment and year. Prospective (elasticity) and retrospective (LTRE) analyses were conducted alongside a rearrangement of the model equation in which population growth rates were designated and the required proportion of newly shed seed survival that gives that growth rate was solved for. All populations had λ > 1 or increasing populations. Elasticity analyses indicated that λ was most-highly elastic to the overwinter seedbank (Esw = 1), followed by seedling survival, fecundity, and survival of newly shed seed (0.63 to 0.86 across treatments). The latter may be the most-accessible vital rate for management of herbicide resistant populations. LTRE exposed the stochasticity of wild oat population growth rates between years and their ability to take advantage of lapses in control. Decreasing the proportion of newly shed seeds (snew) that survives was the most-effective and available control strategy until reduced to 0.1 to 0.3 when the summer seedbank becomes more critical. When averaged across treatments, > 80% of newly shed seed must be eliminated to stop the population from growing, resulting in a stable population, but not a decline. Because of preharvest shattering, HWSC will likely not be effective enough alone to cause wild oat populations to decline. New management techniques for wild oat control that can be used in combination with HWSC and integrated weed management strategies are needed.

Keywords

Wild oat, Avena fatua L. AVEFADemographic modelelasticity analysisherbicide resistanceintegrated weed managementlife-table response experimentperiodic matrix model
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 64 , Issue 3 , September 2016 , pp. 463 - 473
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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Footnotes

Associate editor for this paper: Adam Davis, USDA-ARS.

References

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