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Eucalyptus globulus Leaves Incorporated as Green Manure for Weed Control in Maize

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Carolina G. Puig ,
Lorena Álvarez-Iglesias ,
Manuel J. Reigosa  and
Nuria Pedrol
Carolina G. Puig
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Biology and Soil Science, laboratory of Plant Ecophysiology, University of Vigo. Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310-Vigo, Spain
Lorena Álvarez-Iglesias
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Biology and Soil Science, laboratory of Plant Ecophysiology, University of Vigo. Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310-Vigo, Spain
Manuel J. Reigosa
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Biology and Soil Science, laboratory of Plant Ecophysiology, University of Vigo. Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310-Vigo, Spain
Nuria Pedrol*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Biology and Soil Science, laboratory of Plant Ecophysiology, University of Vigo. Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310-Vigo, Spain
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: pedrol@uvigo.es
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Abstract

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The use of eucalyptus leaves for weed control in maize-based cropping systems is proposed. Aqueous extracts of eucalyptus are known to exert phytotoxicity on many weeds and crops, but there is also experimental evidence of the relative tolerance of maize. Based on in vitro dose-response bioassays of leaf aqueous extracts, we conducted greenhouse pot experiments testing incorporated eucalyptus leaves as green manure. The phytotoxic effects were tested on the germination, establishment and growth of maize and some representative accompanying weeds, in comparison to the PRE herbicide metolachlor. Eucalyptus fresh leaves incorporated into the soil as green manure at 1 and 2% w/w reduced the emergence of the dicot weed species redroot pigweed and black nightshade. After one month of incorporation, both doses reduced aerial biomass >94% two monocot weed species (barnyardgrass + large crabgrass) with respect to the eucalyptus-free pots, and around 80% for the small seeded dicots. Although the aerial biomass of maize was reduced by 33%, the final relative yield of maize biomass with respect to the untreated control increased by 37%. On the assessment of the temporal phytotoxic effects, the reduction of aerial biomass in maize could be overcome by adopting a relay-planting of maize after 12 to 15 days from eucalyptus incorporation. Our results constitute evidence that the incorporation of E. globulus residues to soil could be a feasible practice to reduce the reliance on synthetic herbicides in maize-based cropping systems.

Keywords

S-metolachlorbarnyardgrass, Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. ECHCGblack nightshade, Solanum nigrum L. SOLNIeucalyptus, Eucalyptus globulus Labill. EUGLlarge crabgrass, Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. DIGSAredroot pigweed, Amaranthus retroflexus L. AMAREmaize, Zea mays LBioherbicidesZea maysphytotoxicitydose-responsepot experimentrelay-planting
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 61 , Issue 1 , March 2013 , pp. 154 - 161
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America

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