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Environmental factors affecting seed persistence of annual weeds across the U.S. corn belt

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Adam S. Davis ,
John Cardina ,
Frank Forcella ,
Gregg A. Johnson ,
George Kegode ,
John L. Lindquist ,
Edward C. Luschei ,
Karen A. Renner ,
Christy L. Sprague  and
Martin M. Williams II
John Cardina
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691
Frank Forcella
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, North Central Soil Conservation Research Laboratory, Morris, MN 56267
Gregg A. Johnson
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, Southern Research and Outreach Center, Waseca MN 56093
George Kegode
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105
John L. Lindquist
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583
Edward C. Luschei
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706
Karen A. Renner
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
Christy L. Sprague
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
Martin M. Williams II
Affiliation:
Washington State University, Prosser, WA, 99350
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Abstract

Weed seedbanks have been studied intensively at local scales, but to date, there have been no regional-scale studies of weed seedbank persistence. Empirical and modeling studies indicate that reducing weed seedbank persistence can play an important role in integrated weed management. Annual seedbank persistence of 13 summer annual weed species was studied from 2001 through 2003 at eight locations in the north central United States and one location in the northwestern United States. Effects of seed depth placement, tillage, and abiotic environmental factors on seedbank persistence were examined through regression and multivariate ordinations. All species examined showed a negative relationship between hydrothermal time and seedbank persistence. Seedbank persistence was very similar between the two years of the study for common lambsquarters, giant foxtail, and velvetleaf when data were pooled over location, depth, and tillage. Seedbank persistence of common lambsquarters, giant foxtail, and velvetleaf from October 2001 through 2002 and October 2002 through 2003 was, respectively, 52.3% and 60.0%, 21.3% and 21.8%, and 57.5% and 57.2%. These results demonstrate that robust estimates of seedbank persistence are possible when many observations are averaged over numerous locations. Future studies are needed to develop methods of reducing seedbank persistence, especially for weed species with particularly long-lived seeds.

Keywords

Common lambsquarters, Chenopodium album L. CHEALgiant foxtail, Setaria faberi Herrm. SETFAvelvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti Medik. ABUTHHydrothermal timeredundancy analysisseedbank persistencesoil propertiessoil seedbankweed dynamics
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 53 , Issue 6 , December 2005 , pp. 860 - 868
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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