Abstract
The sol-gel process offers new opportunities for the synthesis of ionic materials, specially in the shape of thin films. Hydrous oxides are obtained which exhibit specific properties arising from strong interactions between adsorbed water molecules and the oxide network. Sol-gel derived coatings are good candidates as electrode materials for lithium batteries or electrochromic devices. Their open structure allows easier diffusion of Li+ ions in the liquid phase while electrons are delocalized through the oxide network. Moreover, water molecules favor the formation of ordered phases leading to the deposition of layers with preferred orientation. Electrochemical insertion can then be described as an intercalation process between solid particles.
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Livage, J. Ionic Properties of Hydrous Oxide Gels. MRS Online Proceedings Library 293, 261–271 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1557/PROC-293-261
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/PROC-293-261