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Nicotine Differentially Modulates Emotional-Locomotor Interactions for Adult or Adolescent Rats
La Nicotina Modula Diferencialmente la Interacción Emoción- Locomoción en Ratas Adolescentes o Adultas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rcp.v31n1.89822Keywords:
locomotor sensitization, risk-related behaviors, open field, chronic daily nicotine, adolescence (en)adolescencia, campo abierto, comportamientos de riesgo, nicotina crónica diaria, sensibilización locomotriz (es)
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Previous research has shown that exposure to nicotine and other drugs of abuse stimulate dopaminergic neurons in the mesolimbic circuit. Sustained activation of this circuit by prolonged exposure to drugs promotes locomotor sensitization. However, there are inconsistent reports about nicotine-induced locomotor sensitization when assessed among different developmental stages. We evaluated exploratory behavior on specific areas of the open field as an indicator of behavioral disinhibition and general locomotor activity as an indicator of nicotine-induced locomotor sensitization, to further explore the mechanisms underlying behavioral adaptations to nicotine exposure in animals from different developmental stages. We found that while adolescent and adult rats are equally responsive to nicotine-induced locomotor sensitization, nicotine disrupts inhibition of risk-related behavior only in adolescent rats. Together, our results suggest that chronic daily exposure to nicotine promotes potentiation of its stimulant effects on locomotor activity. In adolescents, this effect is accompanied by a decreased capacity to inhibit risk-related behaviors under the acute effect of the drug.
How to cite this article: Novoa, C., Solano, J. L., Ballesteros-Acosta, H., Lamprea, R. M., & Ortega, L. A. (2021). Nicotine Differentially Modulates Emotional-Locomotor Interactions for Adult or Adolescent Rats. Revista Colombiana de Psicología, 31(1), 13-22. https://doi.org/10.15446/rcp.v31n1.89822
Estudios previos han demostrado que exposición a la nicotina y otras drogas de abuso estimula las neuronas dopaminérgicas del circuito mesolímbico. La activación sostenida de este circuito por exposición a las drogas promueve la sensibilización locomotriz. La evaluación de este efecto en diferentes etapas del desarrollo ha mostrado evidencia contradictoria sobre la susceptibilidad de adolescentes. En este trabajo exploramos las adaptaciones conductuales a la exposición crónica a nicotina en ratas adolescentes y adultas; para esto, evaluamos el comportamiento exploratorio en áreas específicas del campo abierto como indicador de desinhibición comportamental y el desplazamiento general como indicador de sensibilización locomotriz. Encontramos que, ambos grupos etarios muestran igual sensibilización locomotriz inducida por la nicotina y que la nicotina altera la inhibición del comportamiento relacionado con el riesgo sólo en adolescentes. Estos resultados sugieren que la exposición crónica diaria a la nicotina promueve la potenciación de sus efectos estimulantes sobre la actividad locomotriz y en los adolescentes, este efecto se acompaña de una disminución de la capacidad para inhibir conductas relacionadas con el riesgo bajo el efecto agudo de la droga.
Cómo citar este artículo: Novoa, C., Solano, J. L., Ballesteros-Acosta, H., Lamprea, R. M., & Ortega, L. A. (2021). Nicotine Differentially Modulates Emotional-Locomotor Interactions for Adult or Adolescent Rats. Revista Colombiana de Psicología, 31(1), 13-22. https://doi.org/10.15446/rcp.v31n1.89822
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