Publicado

2020-05-01

Epidemiology of snakebites in Colombia (2008-2016)

Epidemiologia da envenenamento por mordidas de cobra na Colombia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/rsap.v22n3.87005

Palabras clave:

Snakebite envenoming , Colombia , epidemiology , incidence, mortality, bothrops (en)
Mordedura de serpiente, Colombia, epidemiología, incidencia, mortalidad, bothrops (es)

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Autores/as

  • Leonardo José León-Núñez Cruz Roja, Seccional Cundinamarca y Bogotá
  • Gabriel Camero-Ramos Crus Roja, Seccional Cundinamarca y Bogotá
  • José María Gutiérrez Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Universidad de Costa Rica

Objective To describe the main epidemiological features of snakebites in Colombia during the period 2008 to 2016.
Methods A retrospective (quantitative) descriptive analytical empirical study was carried out, based on the official databases of the Public Health Surveillance in the Integral Information System of the Social Protection (SISPRO) and the Surveillance System in Public Health (Sivigila) of the reported cases of snakebites in Colombia for that period.
Results In total, 37 066 cases were reported, with annual incidences ranging from 7.0 (2008) to 9.7 (2011 and 2012) cases per 100,000 population. Mortality rates ranged from 0.059 (2013) to 0.091 (2011) deaths per 100 000 population, with case fatality rates ranging from 0.6% (2013) to 1.0% (2010). Indigenous and Afro-Colombian populations were highly affected, and highest incidences occurred in males, and in people living in rural areas. The average age of affected people is 31.7 years (95% CI 28.3 34.5). The regions with higher incidence are Amazonia and Orinoquia. Species of the genus Bothrops are responsible for the highest number of bites (64.5%), owing to their wide distribution in Colombia. Regarding clinical manifestations, pain and edema were observed in 86.9% and 78.8% of patients, respectively. Cellulitis and abscesses were the most frequent local complications of these envenomings.
Conclusions Results underscore the relevance of snakebite envenoming in Colombia, and provide information for improving the public health attention to these envenoming.

Objetivo. Descreva as principais características epidemiológicas das picadas de cobra na Colômbia durante o período de 2008 a 2016. Métodos Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo analítico empírico (quantitativo) sobre relatos de acidentes com picadas de cobra na Colômbia no período de 2008 a 2016, a partir das bases de dados oficiais do Sistema de Informação Integral de Proteção Social (SISPRO) e do Sistema Nacional de Vigilância em Saúde Pública (SIGIVILA). Resultados. Foram registrados 37.066 casos de picadas de cobra naquele período. A incidência anual variou de 7,0 (2008) a 9,7 (2011 e 2012) casos por 100.000 habitantes. As taxas de mortalidade variaram de 0,059 (2013) a 0,091 (2011) mortes por 100.000 habitantes, com taxas de mortalidade entre 0,6% (2013) e 1,0% (2010). Os grupos mais afetados foram populações indígenas e afro-colombianas e pessoas que vivem em áreas rurais. A idade média das pessoas afetadas foi de 31,7 anos (IC95% 28,3 - 34,5). As regiões com maior incidência foram a Amazônia e a Orinoquia. As espécies de Bothrops foram responsáveis pelo maior número de casos (64,5%), devido à sua ampla distribuição no território colombiano. Em relação às manifestações clínicas, dor e edema foram descritos em 86,9% e 78,8% dos pacientes, respectivamente. As complicações locais mais frequentes foram celulite e abscessos. Conclusões Os resultados mostram a importância das picadas de cobra na Colômbia e fornecem informações para melhorar os cuidados de saúde pública para esses envenenamentos.

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Cómo citar

APA

León-Núñez, L. J., Camero-Ramos, G. y Gutiérrez, J. M. (2020). Epidemiology of snakebites in Colombia (2008-2016). Revista de Salud Pública, 22(3), 280–287. https://doi.org/10.15446/rsap.v22n3.87005

ACM

[1]
León-Núñez, L.J., Camero-Ramos, G. y Gutiérrez, J.M. 2020. Epidemiology of snakebites in Colombia (2008-2016). Revista de Salud Pública. 22, 3 (may 2020), 280–287. DOI:https://doi.org/10.15446/rsap.v22n3.87005.

ACS

(1)
León-Núñez, L. J.; Camero-Ramos, G.; Gutiérrez, J. M. Epidemiology of snakebites in Colombia (2008-2016). Rev. salud pública 2020, 22, 280-287.

ABNT

LEÓN-NÚÑEZ, L. J.; CAMERO-RAMOS, G.; GUTIÉRREZ, J. M. Epidemiology of snakebites in Colombia (2008-2016). Revista de Salud Pública, [S. l.], v. 22, n. 3, p. 280–287, 2020. DOI: 10.15446/rsap.v22n3.87005. Disponível em: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/revsaludpublica/article/view/87005. Acesso em: 14 may. 2024.

Chicago

León-Núñez, Leonardo José, Gabriel Camero-Ramos, y José María Gutiérrez. 2020. «Epidemiology of snakebites in Colombia (2008-2016)». Revista De Salud Pública 22 (3):280-87. https://doi.org/10.15446/rsap.v22n3.87005.

Harvard

León-Núñez, L. J., Camero-Ramos, G. y Gutiérrez, J. M. (2020) «Epidemiology of snakebites in Colombia (2008-2016)», Revista de Salud Pública, 22(3), pp. 280–287. doi: 10.15446/rsap.v22n3.87005.

IEEE

[1]
L. J. León-Núñez, G. Camero-Ramos, y J. M. Gutiérrez, «Epidemiology of snakebites in Colombia (2008-2016)», Rev. salud pública, vol. 22, n.º 3, pp. 280–287, may 2020.

MLA

León-Núñez, L. J., G. Camero-Ramos, y J. M. Gutiérrez. «Epidemiology of snakebites in Colombia (2008-2016)». Revista de Salud Pública, vol. 22, n.º 3, mayo de 2020, pp. 280-7, doi:10.15446/rsap.v22n3.87005.

Turabian

León-Núñez, Leonardo José, Gabriel Camero-Ramos, y José María Gutiérrez. «Epidemiology of snakebites in Colombia (2008-2016)». Revista de Salud Pública 22, no. 3 (mayo 1, 2020): 280–287. Accedido mayo 14, 2024. https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/revsaludpublica/article/view/87005.

Vancouver

1.
León-Núñez LJ, Camero-Ramos G, Gutiérrez JM. Epidemiology of snakebites in Colombia (2008-2016). Rev. salud pública [Internet]. 1 de mayo de 2020 [citado 14 de mayo de 2024];22(3):280-7. Disponible en: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/revsaludpublica/article/view/87005

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