Abstract
Background
The use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) for pubertal suppression has been associated with increased body mass index (BMI) in female subjects with central precocious puberty (CPP), although results have been so far conflicting. This study examined the effects of GnRHa therapy in both genders and in subjects treated for CPP, early puberty or short stature.
Methods
This was a longitudinal retrospective study of subjects followed at outpatient pediatric endocrinology clinics of an academic medical center from 2005 to 2014 receiving GnRHa therapy.
Results
At 12 months, subjects on depot GnRHa had a statistically significant increase in BMI standard deviation score (SDS) from baseline (0.13 ± 0.35, p < 0.02). Subjects with short stature (0.17 ± 0.34, p < 0.02) but not early or precocious puberty, and subjects with normal baseline BMI (0.18 ± 0.38, p < 0.02) had significant increases in BMI SDS; no significance was noted at 24 months. Male subjects did not have a significant increase in BMI SDS, whereas female subjects did (0.11 ± 0.36, p < 0.01).
Conclusions
Subjects with short stature, normal BMI at baseline and female sex had significant increases in BMI SDS at 12 months. This is the first study to show an increase in BMI SDS in children treated with GnRHa for short stature, and is one of the few studies to assess BMI changes in males.
Acknowledgments
We thank Dr. Paul Christos, PhD MS for his guidance regarding statistical analyses for this research.
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: Gulce Askin, MPH was partially supported by the following grant: Clinical and Translational Science Center at Weill Cornell Medical College (UL1-TR002384-01).
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
Competing interests: The funding organization played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication. The authors have no financial relationships or conflicts of interest to disclose.
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