Abstract
Background
Progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) and autogenic training (AT) are effective relaxation techniques to reduce depressive symptoms. However, no studies on their effectiveness have been conducted among people living with HIV and depressive symptoms. The primary aim of this pilot study was to assess the feasibility and acceptability of PMR and AT interventions among people living with HIV who have depressive symptoms. A secondary aim was to assess the potential effectiveness of these interventions on depressive symptoms and quality of life.
Methods
This study was a three-arm pilot randomized control trial with mixed methods. Participants were randomized to PMR, AT, or a control group (CG), with four assessments (baseline, and at one, three, and six months). The PMR and AT interventions consisted of six 1 h sessions of individual training over 12 weeks, plus home practice. Recruitment, attrition, and completion rates were calculated. Depressive symptoms and quality of life were assessed at all times. Participants' perceptions of the interventions were collected in semi-structured interviews.
Results
Following the screening, 54/63 people met the inclusion criteria, and 42/54 were randomly allocated to the PMR group (n=14), AT group (n=14), and CG (n=14). Six participants (43%; 95% CI 18–71%) in the PMR group and 10 (71%; 95% CI 42–92%) in the AT group completed the intervention. Participants reported better emotion management and improvements in depressive symptoms and quality of life.
Conclusions
The pilot study suggests that a randomized trial to test the effectiveness of these interventions is feasible.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01901016
Funding source: Université Laval – Faculty of Nursing
Funding source: Quebec Nursing Intervention Research Network, Université Laval
Funding source: Canadian Institutes of Health Research
Research funding: This research was funded by the Quebec Network on Nursing Intervention Research and Faculty of Nursing, Université Laval. The publication charges for this article were funded by a Planning and Dissemination Grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, with the grant number PCS155284.
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Competing interests: The funding organization played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication.
Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from all individuals included in this study.
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