Abstract
Objectives
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a distressing condition characterized by persistent low mood, loss of interest in daily activities. Researchers consider several biological, psycho-social, and genetic factors are involved in depression. The present study aimed to investigate the serum levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in MDD patients to explore its role in depression.
Methods
This case-control study recruited 114 MDD patients and 106 healthy controls (HCs) matched by age and gender. A specialized psychiatrist diagnosed the cases and evaluated the controls based on the diagnostic and statistical manual for mental disorders, 5th edition. We quantified serum MCP-1 levels using commercially available enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay kits. Also, we applied the Hamilton depression rating scale (Ham-D) to measure the severity of depression.
Results
We observed the decreased levels of serum MCP-1 in MDD patients compared to HCs. Also, we obtained a significant negative correlation between serum MCP-1 levels and Ham-D scores. Moreover, female MDD patients with higher Ham-D scores exhibited lower serum MCP-1 levels. The receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated the good diagnostic value of MCP-1 with the area under the curve at 0.837.
Conclusions
The depression-related alteration of serum MCP-1 may be more complicated than the current assumption and depends on the characteristics of the individual patients. Our study suggests that the serum MCP-1 levels might involve in the pathophysiology and mechanism of MDD. The present findings, along with the diagnostic evaluation, might be used to evaluate depressive patients.
Acknowledgments
All the authors acknowledge the participants for their cooperation to conduct the study.
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Research funding: The study was self-funded.
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Author contributions: Conceptualization, MAP, SD, and MRI; Methodology, ZN, SMAI, and MRI; Investigation, MAP, ZN, SMAI, and MAB; Formal Analysis, SD, MAB, and MRI; Writing – Original Draft, MAP and SD.; Writing – Review & Editing, SD and MRI; Supervision, MRI. All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
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Competing interests: Authors state no conflict of interest.
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Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from all individuals included in this study.
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Ethical approval: The ethical review committee of the department of psychiatry, BSMMU, reviewed, and approved this study protocol (BSMMU/2019/3507). The principles mentioned in the Declaration of Helsinki were strictly followed during performing all the investigations.
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