Skip to content
Licensed Unlicensed Requires Authentication Published by De Gruyter March 7, 2017

Relation of serum γ-glutamyl transferase activity with copper in an adult population

  • You-Fan Peng EMAIL logo , Chun-Fang Wang and Guo-Gang Pan

Abstract

Background:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between serum γ-glutamyl transferase (γ-GGT) activity and serum copper in an adult population.

Methods:

We analyzed 281 adult subjects who regularly attended the physical examination center at the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities.

Results:

The demographic and laboratory data of the participants were divided into two groups according to the median of serum γ-GGT activity. Serum copper concentrations in individuals with higher γ-GGT levels were significantly increased compared with those with lower γ-GGT concentrations (9.9±2.41 vs. 11.2±3.36 μmol/L, p<0.001). There was a positive correlation between serum γ-GGT activity and copper in all eligible subjects (r=0.198, p=0.001). Further, serum γ-GGT maintained a positive correlation with serum copper in both males and females (r=0.322, p<0.001; r=0.230, p=0.010). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that serum γ-GGT maintained a significantly positive correlation with copper after adjusting for multiple potential confounders (b=0.464, p=0.001).

Conclusions:

This study suggests that serum γ-GGT activity is correlated with copper in the study population, indicating that serum γ-GGT may be a biomarker to evaluate serum copper levels in an adult population.


Corresponding author: You-Fan Peng, MD, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No. 18 Zhongshan Er Road, Baise, Guangxi 533000, P.R. China, Phone: +0776-2840703

  1. Author contributions: Y.F.P. designed the study, analyzed the data, wrote the main manuscript text and confirmed the final version. C.F.W and G.G.P collected the data for this study. All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.

  2. Research funding: None declared.

  3. Employment or leadership: None declared.

  4. Honorarium: None declared.

  5. Competing interests: The funding organization(s) played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication.

References

1. Uriu-Adams JY, Keen CL. Copper, oxidative stress, and human health. Mol Aspects Med 2005;26:268–98.10.1016/j.mam.2005.07.015Search in Google Scholar PubMed

2. Talat MA, Ahmed A, Mohammed L.Serum levels of zinc and copper in epileptic children during long-term therapy with anticonvulsants. Neurosciences (Riyadh) 2015;20:341–510.17712/nsj.2015.4.20150336Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

3. Soundravally R, Sherin J, Agieshkumar BP, Daisy MS, Cleetus C, Narayanan P, et al. Serum levels of copper and iron in dengue fever. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2015;57:315–20.10.1590/S0036-46652015000400007Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

4. Baharvand M, Manifar S, Akkafan R, Mortazavi H, Sabour S. Serum levels of ferritin, copper, and zinc in patients with oral cancer. Biomed J 2014;37:331–6.10.4103/2319-4170.132888Search in Google Scholar PubMed

5. Tsuboi A, Terazawa Watanabe M, Kazumi T, Fukuo K. Serum copper, zinc and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in community-living Japanese elderly women. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2014;23:239–45.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

6. Vivoli G, Bergomi M, Rovesti S, Pinotti M, Caselgrandi E. Zinc, copper, and zinc- or copper-dependent enzymes in human hypertension. Biol Trace Elem Res 1995;49:97–106.10.1007/BF02788959Search in Google Scholar PubMed

7. Alexanian I, Parissis J, Farmakis D, Athanaselis S, Pappas L, Gavrielatos G, et al. Clinical and echocardiographic correlates of serum copper and zinc in acute and chronic heart failure. Clin Res Cardiol 2014;103:938–49.10.1007/s00392-014-0735-xSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

8. Karp DR, Shimooku K, Lipsky PE. Expression of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase protects ramos B cells from oxidation-induced cell death. J Biol Chem 2001;276:3798–804.10.1074/jbc.M008484200Search in Google Scholar PubMed

9. Lippi G, Danese E, Montagnana M. Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels are correlated with hematocrit in a general population of outpatients. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2013;73:95–6.10.3109/00365513.2012.734397Search in Google Scholar PubMed

10. Lim JS, Yang JH, Chun BY, Kam S, Jacobs DR Jr, Lee DH. Is serum gammaglutamyltransferase inversely associated with serum antioxidants as a marker of oxidative stress? Free Radic Biol Med 2004;37:1018–23.10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.06.032Search in Google Scholar PubMed

11. Lee DH, Blomhoff R, Jacobs DR Jr. Is serum gamma glutamyltransferase a marker of oxidative stress? Free Radic Res 2004;38:535–9.10.1080/10715760410001694026Search in Google Scholar PubMed

12. Matsha TE, Macharia M, Yako YY, Erasmus RT, Hassan MS, Kengne AP. Gamma-glutamyltransferase, insulin resistance and cardiometabolic risk profile in a middle-aged African population. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2014;21:1541–8.10.1177/2047487313501967Search in Google Scholar

13. De Bona KS, Bonfanti G, Bitencourt PE, Cargnelutti LO, da Silva PS, De Lucca L, et al. Butyrylcholinesterase and γ-glutamyltransferase activities and oxidative stress markers are altered in metabolic syndrome, but are not affected by body mass index. Inflammation 2013;36:1539–47.10.1007/s10753-013-9697-9Search in Google Scholar PubMed

14. Lippi G, Targher G, Montagnana M, Salvagno GL, Guidi GC. Relationship between gamma-glutamyltransferase, lipids and lipoprotein(a) in the general population. Clin Chim Acta 2007;384:163–6.10.1016/j.cca.2007.06.005Search in Google Scholar PubMed

15. Mok Y, Son DK, Yun YD, Jee SH, Samet JM. γ-Glutamyltransferase and cancer risk: The Korean cancer prevention study. Int J Cancer 2016;138:311–9.10.1002/ijc.29659Search in Google Scholar PubMed

16. Park WY, Kim SH, Kim YO, Jin DC, Song HC, Choi EJ, et al. Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase levels predict mortality in patients with peritoneal dialysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015;94:e1249.10.1097/MD.0000000000001249Search in Google Scholar PubMed

17. Cho YK, Kang YM, Hwang JY, Kim EH, Yang DH, Kang JW, et al. Association between serum gamma-glutamyltransferase and the progression of coronary artery calcification. Atherosclerosis 2015;243:300–6.10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.09.027Search in Google Scholar PubMed

18. Vos FE, Schollum JB, Coulter CV. Assessment of markers of glycaemic control in diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease using continuous glucose monitoring. Nephrology (Carlton) 2012;17:182–8.10.1111/j.1440-1797.2011.01517.xSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

19. Harvey LJ, Ashton K, Hooper L, Casgrain A, Fairweather-Tait SJ. Methods of assessment of copper status in humans: a systematic review. Am J Clin Nutr 2009;89:2009S–24S.10.3945/ajcn.2009.27230ESearch in Google Scholar

20. Iskra M, Majewski W. Copper and zinc concentrations and the activities of ceruloplasmin and superoxide dismutase in atherosclerosis obliterans. Biol Trace Elem Res 2000;73:55–65.10.1385/BTER:73:1:55Search in Google Scholar PubMed

21. Munshi A, Babu S, Kaul S, Shafi G, Rajeshwar K, Alladi S, et al. Depletion of serum zinc in ischemic stroke patients. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 2010;32:433–6.10.1358/mf.2010.32.6.1487084Search in Google Scholar PubMed

22. Lewis AJ. The role of copper in inflammatory disorders. Agents Actions 1984;15:513–9.10.1007/BF01966765Search in Google Scholar PubMed

23. Bui VQ, Stein AD, DiGirolamo AM, Ramakrishnan U, Flores-Ayala RC, Ramirez-Zea M, et al. Associations between serum C-reactive protein and serum zinc, ferritin, and copper in Guatemalan school children. Biol Trace Elem Res 2012;148:154–60.10.1007/s12011-012-9358-0Search in Google Scholar PubMed

24. Turgut A, Özler A, Görük NY, Tunc SY, Evliyaoglu O, Gül T. Copper, ceruloplasmin and oxidative stress in patients with advanced-stage endometriosis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2013;17:1472–78.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

25. Tapiero H, Townsend DM, Tew KD. Trace elements in human physiology and pathology. Copper Biomed Pharmacother 2003;57:386–98.10.1016/S0753-3322(03)00012-XSearch in Google Scholar

26. Sitar ME, Aydin S, Cakatay U. Human serum albumin and its relation with oxidative stress. Clin Lab 2013;59:945–52.10.7754/Clin.Lab.2012.121115Search in Google Scholar PubMed

27. Leite CE, Maboni Lde O, Cruz FF, Rosemberg DB, Zimmermann FF, Pereira TC, et al. Involvement of purinergic system in inflammation and toxicity induced by copper in zebrafish larvae. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013;272:681–9.10.1016/j.taap.2013.08.001Search in Google Scholar PubMed

28. Brenner S. Aluminum may mediate Alzheimer’s disease through liver toxicity with aberrant hepatic synthesis of ceruloplasmin and ATPase7B, the resultant excess free copper causing brain oxidation, beta-amyloid aggregation and Alzheimer disease. Med. Hypotheses 2013;80:326–7.10.1016/j.mehy.2012.11.036Search in Google Scholar PubMed

29. Whitfield JB. Gamma glutamyl transferase. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2001;38:263–55.10.1080/20014091084227Search in Google Scholar PubMed

30. Lee DH, Gross MD, Jacobs DR Jr. Association of serum carotenoids and tocopherols with gamma-glutamyltransferase: the Cardiovascular Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. Clin Chem 2004;50:582–8.10.1373/clinchem.2003.028852Search in Google Scholar PubMed

31. Lippi G, Salvagno GL, Targher G, Montagnana M, Guidi GC. Plasma gamma-glutamyl transferase activity predicts homocysteine concentration in a large cohort ofunselected outpatients. Intern Med 2008;47:705–7.10.2169/internalmedicine.47.0810Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Received: 2016-6-23
Accepted: 2017-2-6
Published Online: 2017-3-7
Published in Print: 2017-10-26

©2017 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Downloaded on 29.3.2024 from https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/cclm-2016-0551/html
Scroll to top button