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CIAS detection of Fasciola hepatica/F. gigantica intermediate forms in bovines from Bangladesh

  • Syed Ali Ahasan , M. Adela Valero EMAIL logo , Emdadul Haque Chowdhury , Mohammad Taohidul Islam , Mohammad Rafiqul Islam , Mohammad Motahar Hussain Mondal , Raquel V. Peixoto , Lavinia Berinde , Miroslava Panova and Santiago Mas-Coma
From the journal Acta Parasitologica

Abstract

Fascioliasis is an important food-borne parasitic zoonosis caused by two trematode species, Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica. The characterisation and differentiation of Fasciola populations is crucial to control the disease, given the different transmission, epidemiology and pathology characteristics of the two species. Lineal biometric features of adult liver flukes infecting livestock have been studied to characterise and discriminate fasciolids from Bangladesh. An accurate analysis was conducted to phenotypically discriminate between fasciolids from naturally infected bovines (cattle, buffaloes) throughout the country. Morphometric analyses were made with a computer image analysis system (CIAS) applied on the basis of standardised measurements and the logistic model of the body growth and development of fasciolids in the different host groups. Since it is the first ever comprehensive study of this kind undertaken in Bangladesh, the results are compared to pure fasciolid populations of F. hepatica from the European Mediterranean area and F. gigantica from Burkina Faso, geographical areas where both species do not co-exist. Principal component analysis showed that the biometric characteristics of fasciolids from Bangladesh are situated between F. hepatica and F. gigantica standard populations, indicating the presence of phenotypes of intermediate forms in Bangladesh. These results are analysed by considering the present emergence of animal fascioliasis, the local lymnaeid fauna, the impact of climate change, and the risk of human infection in the country.

Acknowledgements

Funds were provided by the Bangladesh Academy of Science-USDA LS-07 projects for research in the Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh and the Contingency Project for Institutional Development (Oracle Project Nos. 2060995 and RAS0066) of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). The present study was performed during the stay of the first author in the Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Spain, funded by a fellowship of the IAEA (Headquarters Vienna, Code No. BGD/13034).

Spanish collaboration funded by Projects No. SAF2010-20805 of the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Madrid, Spain; by Project No. RD12/0018/0013, Red de Investigación Cooperativa en Enfermedades Tropicales - RICET, IV National Program of I+D+I 2008-2011, ISCIII - Subdirección General de Redes y Centros de Investigación Cooperativa and FEDER, Ministry of Health and Consumption, Madrid, Spain; and by Project No. 2012/042 of the PROMETEO Program, Generalitat Valenciana, Valencia, Spain.

This study is part of the worldwide initiative of WHO (Headquarters Geneva, Switzerland) against human fascioliasis.

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Received: 2015-5-19
Revised: 2015-9-11
Accepted: 2015-1-12
Published Online: 2016-3-30
Published in Print: 2016-6-1

© W. Stefański Institute of Parasitology, PAS

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