Association between visceral fat accumulation and decline in the estimated glomerular filtration rate based on cystatin C in the Japanese urban population: the KOBE study

Ayumi Tanabe; Aya Hirata; Kazuyo Kuwabara; Sachimi Kubo; Aya Higashiyama; Takumi Hirata; Daisuke Sugiyama; Yoko Nishida; Yoshimi Kubota; Aya Kadota; Tomofumi Nishikawa; Naomi Miyamatsu; Yoshihiro Miyamoto; Tomonori Okamura

doi:10.1507/endocrj.EJ22-0218

ORIGINAL

Association between visceral fat accumulation and decline in the estimated glomerular filtration rate based on cystatin C in the Japanese urban population: the KOBE study

Ayumi Tanabe, Aya Hirata, Kazuyo Kuwabara, Sachimi Kubo, Aya Higashiyama, Takumi Hirata, Daisuke Sugiyama, Yoko Nishida, Yoshimi Kubota, Aya Kadota, Tomofumi Nishikawa, Naomi Miyamatsu, Yoshihiro Miyamoto, Tomonori Okamura

Author information

Ayumi Tanabe
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
Data Intelligence Department, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo 140-0005, Japan
Aya Hirata
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
Kazuyo Kuwabara
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
Sachimi Kubo
Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tezukayama Gakuin University, Osaka 590-0113, Japan
Aya Higashiyama
Department of Hygiene, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
Takumi Hirata
Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
Daisuke Sugiyama
Faculty of Nursing and Medical Care, Keio University, Kanagawa 252-0883, Japan
Yoko Nishida
Osaka Institute of Public Health, Osaka 537-0025, Japan
Yoshimi Kubota
Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
Aya Kadota
Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
Tomofumi Nishikawa
Faculty of Health Science, Kyoto Koka Women’s University, Kyoto 615-0822, Japan
Naomi Miyamatsu
Department of Clinical Nursing, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
Yoshihiro Miyamoto
Open Innovation Center, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
Tomonori Okamura
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
Center for Cluster Development and Coordination, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan

Keywords: General Japanese population, Cross-sectional study, Visceral fat, Cystatin C-based eGFR, Decreased renal function

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Supplementary material

2023 Volume 70 Issue 1 Pages 97-106

DOI https://doi.org/10.1507/endocrj.EJ22-0218

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Abstract

Although metabolic syndrome, including visceral fat accumulation, causes kidney and cardiovascular diseases, the impact of visceral fat accumulation on mild decreased renal function remains unclear. This study examines the association between visceral fat area (VFA) measured by bioimpedance methods and the estimated glomerular filtration rate based on serum cystatin C (eGFRcys) in the Japanese urban population. This community-based cross-sectional study enrolled 952 individuals (287 men, 665 women) who participated in the second follow-up survey of the Kobe Orthopedic and Biomedical Epidemiological (KOBE) study. We compared the multivariate-adjusted means of eGFRcys among VFA quartile groups by gender using the analysis of covariance. Models were adjusted for age, high blood pressure, hypercholesterolemia, glucose intolerance, smoking, and alcohol use, and further adjusted for body mass index (BMI). The highest VFA quartile group had lower eGFRcys than the lowest VFA quartile group after adjusted for cardiometabolic risk factors, except for BMI (93.1 [95% confidence interval (CI), 90.1–96.2] vs. 82.1 [95% CI, 79.1–85.0] in men and 95.8 [95% CI, 94.1–97.5] vs. 89.4 [95% CI, 87.8–90.9] in women). Moreover, further adjustment for BMI revealed a similar result in men (93.5 [95% CI, 89.8–97.2] vs. 81.6 [95% CI, 77.9–85.3]), while no significant association was found in women. This study suggests a significant association between increased VFA levels and lower eGFRcys levels independent of cardiometabolic risk factors, such as glucose intolerance and hypercholesterolemia in men and women, as well as independent of BMI in men.

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