Prevalence of high risk HPV DNA in esophagus is high in Brazil but not related to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Allini Mafra da Costa1, José Humberto Tavares Guerreiro Fregnani1, Paula Roberta Aguiar Pastrez1, Vânia Sammartino Mariano1, Cristovam Scapulatempo Neto1, Denise Peixoto Guimarães1, Kelly Menezio Giordina de Oliveira1, Said Abdala Zemi Neto2, Emily Montosa Nunes3, Silvaneide Ferreira3, Laura Sichero3, Luisa Lina Villa3,4, Kari Juhani Syrjanen1,5 and Adhemar Longatto-Filho1,6,7,8
1Teaching and Research Institute, Barretos Cancer Hospital - Pius XII Foundation, 2Medical Specialties Ambulatory (AME) - Barretos, 3Molecular Biology Laboratory, Center for Translational Research in Oncology, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo - ICESP, 4Department of Radiology and Oncology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, 5Department of Clinical Research - Biohit Oyj, Finland, 6Medical Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM) 14. Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil, 7Research Institute of Life and Health Sciences (ICVS), University of Minho, Braga and 8ICVS / 3B's - Associated Laboratory to the Government of Portugal, Braga / Guimarães, Portugal
Offprint requests to: Adhemar Longatto Filho, M.Sc., PhD, PMIAC, Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM) 14, Faculty of Medicine University São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Cerqueira César 1246-903, São Paulo, Brazil. e-mail: longatto16@hotmail.com
Summary. Background. The first publication that associated Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection and esophageal cancer was published in 1982. However, data are still contradictory and require further investigation. The aim of this study was to identify high risk HPV DNA in esophageal tissue of patients with and without esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and correlate HPV presence with classical risk factors. Methods. Invited patients signed the informed consent form, and interviews were conducted in order to obtain information about sociodemographic and lifestyle behavior. During endoscopy, esophageal biopsies were collected from case and controls. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction genotyping was conducted on endoscopic biopsies to identify HPV types and HPV-16 was further evaluated by specific PCR real time. Results. Among 87 cases, 12 (13.8%) had tumors harboring high risk HPV DNA and among 87 controls, 12 (13.8%) had high risk HPV DNA (OR:1.025 [CI:0.405:2.592]). Variables regarding consumption of alcohol and use of tobacco continued to characterize risk factors even after adjustments by presence or absence of high risk HPV. Conclusion. HPV was demonstrated to be frequently and similarly associated to normal and malignant esophageal tissues, but not as an independent risk factor to esophageal cancer. Impact. To contribute to the Brazilian population data on this subject, which is still contradictory. Histol Histopathol 33, 357-363 (2018)
Key words: Human papillomavirus, Esophageal neoplasms, Risk factors, Cancer Epidemiology, Esophageal cancer
DOI: 10.14670/HH-11-929