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RT-PCR in Diagnosis and Disease Monitoring of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL)

  • Protocol
Retinoid Protocols

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 89))

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Abstract

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is one of the most common subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), accountmg for 10–15% of de novo cases and typically presenting in early middle age (1). The disease is characterized by a potentially devastating coagulopathy that can lead to rapid demise, particularly owing to cerebral hemorrhage (1), a balanced chromosomal translocation, t(15;17), that is present in virtually all cases of morphological APL (2–5) and a unique treatment response to retinoids (6–9). Development of APL reflecis two critical processes: leukemic transformation coupled with a block in myeloid differentiation causing the bone-marrow to become replaced by abnormal promyelocytes (10). Retmoids, for example all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) or 9-cis retinoic acid (9-cis RA), release this block at the promyelocyte stage, such that complete remission is achieved by terminal differentiation of the leukemic clone rather than by a cytotoxic effect (7–9, 11–12). Clinical trials have demonstrated that retinoids can achieve remission rates in APL that match those of conventional chemotherapy; indeed remission has even been induced in patients that were previously resistant to chemotherapeutic agents (7–9).

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Somatic Cell Genetics Laboratory, Imperial Cancer Research Fund, London, UK

    David Grimwade, Kathy Howe & Ellen Solomon

  2. Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Haematology, University College Hospital, London, UK

    Stephen Langabeer

Authors
  1. David Grimwade
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  2. Stephen Langabeer
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  3. Kathy Howe
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  4. Ellen Solomon
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK

    Christopher P. F. Redfern

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© 1998 Humana Press Inc, Totowa, NJ

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Grimwade, D., Langabeer, S., Howe, K., Solomon, E. (1998). RT-PCR in Diagnosis and Disease Monitoring of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL). In: Redfern, C.P.F. (eds) Retinoid Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 89. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-438-0:333

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-438-0:333

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-89603-438-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-573-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

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