Aphidius colemani and closely related species indigenous to Japan were reviewed. A. magdae was newly recorded from Japan "A picipes" (=A. avenae), recorded formerly from Japan, was regarded as A. uzbekistanicus. The differences between A. colemani and A. magdae in morphological characters and esterase banding patterns detected by electrophoresis are presented. Taxonomic status of A. magdae is discussed especially in relation to A. transcaspicus. A. magdae was considered to be a species of Palearctic origin.