Defenders of the Race: Jewish Doctors and Race Science in Fin-de-Siècle Europe

John Efron

Published by Yale University Press 1994

Defenders of the Race

Jewish Doctors and Race Science in Fin-de-Siècle Europe

John Efron

https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300156805

Overview
Contents

About this book

By the late nineteenth century, physical anthropologists were engaged in debates about the "Jewish Racial Question," asking whether there was a biological basis for Jewish distinctiveness and social development. This fascinating book describes for the first time the response of Jewish race scientists to these debates, demonstrating that in their participation, the scientists were involved in a complex process of Jewish self-definition, one that was impelled by two factors: the external threat of antisemitism and the internal need to reassert a Jewish ethnic pride that had been battered by assimilation.

John Efron examines the racial science of Jewish anthropologists and physicians in Germany, England, Russia, and Austria, showing that their work differed from place to place because it was contingent on such historical factors as the nature of Jewish integration in a given country, the character of a nation's Jewish community or communities, and the level of antisemitism there. Efron sketches the growth of race science from the eighteenth to the twentieth centuries and considers how Jews were represented in it. He then studies the image of Jews in British anthropology, discusses the first Jewish race scientist, Joseph Jacobs, an Anglo-Australian who focused on the Jews of Western Europe, and the Russian Jewish race scientist Samuel Weissenberg, who studied the Jews of Eastern Europe, Central Asia, and the Near East. Finally he examines the link between race science and the politics of Zionism, showing how Zionist scientists used race science not to assert Jewish superiority but to bolster a political cause that was concerned with Jewish spiritual and physical regeneration.

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Frontmatter Publicly Available Download PDF	i
CONTENTS Publicly Available Download PDF	vii
ILLUSTRATION Publicly Available Download PDF	ix
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Publicly Available Download PDF	xi
One. Introduction Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	1
Two. German Race Science: The Jew as Essential Other Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	13
Three. British Race Science: The Jew as Non-Other Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	33
Four. Joseph Jacobs and the Birth of Jewish Race Science Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	58
Five. SAMUEL WEISSENBERG: JEWS, RACE, AND CULTURE Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	91
Six. Zionism and Racial Anthropology Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	123
Seven. THE LIMITS OF RACIAL SELF- REPRESENTATION Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	175
NOTES Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	181
REFERENCES Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	215
INDEX Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	243

Language: English
Publisher: Yale University Press
Illustrations
- Other: 10 b/w illus.

eBook

Published: June 7, 2022
ISBN: 9780300156805