Urinary albumin and transferrin as early diagnostic markers of chronic kidney disease

Hiroto MAEDA; Kazuyuki SOGAWA; Kazuko SAKAGUCHI; Saori ABE; Wataru SAGIZAKA; Shunsuke MOCHIZUKI; Waka HORIE; Toshifumi WATANABE; Yui SHIBATA; Mamoru SATOH; Akihiro SANDA; Fumio NOMURA; Jun SUZUKI

doi:10.1292/jvms.14-0427

Internal Medicine

Urinary albumin and transferrin as early diagnostic markers of chronic kidney disease

Hiroto MAEDA, Kazuyuki SOGAWA, Kazuko SAKAGUCHI, Saori ABE, Wataru SAGIZAKA, Shunsuke MOCHIZUKI, Waka HORIE, Toshifumi WATANABE, Yui SHIBATA, Mamoru SATOH, Akihiro SANDA, Fumio NOMURA, Jun SUZUKI

Author information

Hiroto MAEDA
Maeda Veterinary Hospital, 1–4–8 Yamatemachi, Tomakomai, Hokkaido 053–0851, Japan
Kazuyuki SOGAWA
Department of Biochemistry, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1–17–71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252–5201, Japan
Kazuko SAKAGUCHI
Department of Food Biochemistry, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1–17–71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252–5201, Japan
Saori ABE
Maeda Veterinary Hospital, 1–4–8 Yamatemachi, Tomakomai, Hokkaido 053–0851, Japan
Wataru SAGIZAKA
Department of Food Biochemistry, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1–17–71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252–5201, Japan
Shunsuke MOCHIZUKI
Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Azabu University, 1–17–71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252–5201, Japan
Waka HORIE
Maeda Veterinary Hospital, 1–4–8 Yamatemachi, Tomakomai, Hokkaido 053–0851, Japan
Toshifumi WATANABE
Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Azabu University, 1–17–71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252–5201, Japan
Yui SHIBATA
Department of Biochemistry, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1–17–71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252–5201, Japan
Mamoru SATOH
Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1–8–1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Chiba 260–8677, Japan
Akihiro SANDA
Department of Biochemistry, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1–17–71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252–5201, Japan
Fumio NOMURA
Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1–8–1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Chiba 260–8677, Japan
Jun SUZUKI
Department of Food Biochemistry, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1–17–71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252–5201, Japan

Keywords: albumin, chronic kidney disease, feline, transferrin, urine

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

2015 Volume 77 Issue 8 Pages 937-943

DOI https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.14-0427

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Abstract

Feline renal diseases are increasingly noted in veterinary practice. It is important to diagnose and identify the pathological basis of renal dysfunction accurately at an early stage, but there are only a few reports on this area in clinical veterinary medicine. We investigated the efficacy of measurement of urinary albumin (u-Alb) and urinary transferrin (u-Tf) for early diagnosis using 5-µl urine samples collected noninvasively by catheterization from normal (IRIS stage I) cats and cats with stage I chronic kidney disease (CKD). The u-Alb levels in normal and stage I CKD cats were 6.0 ± 4.5 and 11.2 ± 8.4 mg/dl, respectively, and the u-Tf levels were 0.09 ± 0.42 and 0.52 ± 0.79 mg/dl, respectively. Based on ROC curve analysis, the sensitivity and specificity of u-Alb and u-Tf were higher than those of the currently used biomarker, the plasma creatinine level. The sensitivity of u-Alb was higher than that of u-Tf, whereas the specificity of u-Tf was higher than that of u-Alb. The validity of the threshold albumin level (20 mg/dl) was confirmed by measurements using SDS-PAGE. Since leakage of u-Tf in urine precedes leakage of u-Alb, inclusion of u-Tf in biochemistry tests may be appropriate for IRIS staging as a diagnostic marker of early diagnosis of renal disorder in cats.

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