(1) The taxonomic problem of the subtribe Gnaphallineae was considered.
(2) The genera Gnaphalium, Anaphalis and Leontopodium were discussed from a karyotaxonomic stand point.
(3) In several species, seed fertility can be explained by their karyotypic peculiarities.
(4) A. pterocaulon Maxim or A. todaiensis Honda or A. sinica Hance shows a specific constitution of the karyotype different from all the rest of subtribe Gnaphallineae.