Unfolding the Art of Methodical Approach for Total Sacrectomy

Abstract

Background

Total sacrectomy is a technically demanding surgery with substantial risks, including high morbidity and mortality due to the likelihood of exsanguination.^1,2,3 Despite the evolution of surgical techniques,^4,5 the incidence of postoperative complications remains significant.¹ This study presents a systematic approach to total sacrectomy, with a particular focus on a modified technique for isolating the iliac vessels, aimed at effective management of complex sacrococcygeal masses and the reduction of operative complications.

Patients and Methods

Employing our approach, a 45-year-old male patient presenting with a sacrococcygeal mass involving the lower S1 bone and sacroiliac joint underwent total sacrectomy. A meticulous preoperative workup, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), was followed by precise surgical steps: sigmoid colon and rectal mobilization, isolation of the iliac vessels,^2,6 lumbosacral nerve trunk preservation, and strategic anterior and posterior osteotomies. The procedure concluded with reconstruction using mesorectal fat and bilateral gluteus maximus flaps.^5,6,7

Results

The patient’s operation was conducted successfully without any perioperative complications, culminating in a chordoma resection with clear margins. Postoperative recovery was swift, allowing for discharge on the seventh day.

Conclusions

The application of our systematic sacrectomy method, with particular emphasis on the isolation of the external iliac veins, significantly minimized intraoperative bleeding risks and other perioperative complications. Our technique offers a reproducible and effective strategy for the surgical management of sacrococcygeal masses.