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All-Exon TP53 Sequencing and Protein Phenotype Analysis Accurately Predict Clinical Outcome after Surgical Treatment of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

  • Translational Research and Biomarkers
  • Published:
Annals of Surgical Oncology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background

This study elucidates the clinical impact of surgical treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) based on a detailed search of all exons of the TP53 gene and p53 protein phenotypic analysis using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens.

Methods

Clinically well-annotated FFPE specimens from 317 patients with HNSCC treated by surgery were examined by all-exon TP53 sequencing using a next-generation sequencer and p53 protein phenotype by immunohistochemistry. After excluding human papillomavirus-associated oropharyngeal carcinomas, two risk categories were classified as “p53 adverse function” and “p53 favorable function” based on TP53 mutation status and p53 protein phenotype. Mutation in PIK3CA, AKT, and HRAS was also evaluated by target sequence. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used for statistical analysis of clinical outcomes. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine the optimal surgical margin cutoff for local recurrence. Local control rates were compared between the risk groups using Fisher’s exact test.

Results

Multivariate analysis identified “p53 adverse function” as an independent poor predictor of overall survival, local control, and distant metastasis-free survival. In oral cavity cancer, the optimal surgical margin cutoff associated with local recurrence was 6 mm. In patients with surgical margin > 6 mm, the “p53 adverse function” group demonstrated significantly higher local recurrence rate than the “p53 favorable function” group. PIK3CA, AKT, or HRAS mutation did not correlate with improved overall survival.

Conclusions

All-exon TP53 sequencing and p53 protein phenotype analysis using FFPE specimens can accurately predict clinical outcomes.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge Yuki Saito, MD, PhD for his substantial contribution to critical manuscript revisions. The authors wish to thank Mr. Kensuke Suzuki (Illumina Inc.) for technical support. We also thank Ms. Sachiko Miura, Ms. Toshiko Sakaguchi, and Ms. Chizu Kina for skillful technical assistance.

Funding

This work was supported by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI Grant nos. 16K20232 to K.K. and 17K08710 to T.M.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

    Kenya Kobayashi MD, Seiichi Yoshimoto MD, PhD, Fumihiko Matsumoto MD, PhD, Go Omura MD, PhD, Masahiko Fukasawa MD, PhD, Yoshifumi Matsumoto MD, PhD, Satoko Matsumura MD & Maki Akamatsu MD

  2. Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

    Kenya Kobayashi MD & Mizuo Ando MD, PhD

  3. Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

    Naoya Murakami MD, PhD

  4. Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan

    Nobuyoshi Hiraoka MD, PhD & Taisuke Mori DMD, PhD

  5. Division of Molecular Pathology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan

    Nobuyoshi Hiraoka MD, PhD, Ryo Eigitsu & Taisuke Mori DMD, PhD

Authors
  1. Kenya Kobayashi MD
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  2. Seiichi Yoshimoto MD, PhD
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  3. Fumihiko Matsumoto MD, PhD
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  5. Naoya Murakami MD, PhD
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  6. Go Omura MD, PhD
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  7. Masahiko Fukasawa MD, PhD
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  8. Yoshifumi Matsumoto MD, PhD
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  13. Taisuke Mori DMD, PhD
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Correspondence to Taisuke Mori DMD, PhD.

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Kobayashi, K., Yoshimoto, S., Matsumoto, F. et al. All-Exon TP53 Sequencing and Protein Phenotype Analysis Accurately Predict Clinical Outcome after Surgical Treatment of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 26, 2294–2303 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-019-07287-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-019-07287-x

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