法医学杂志

法医学杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 369-373.DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.03.014

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

咬痕证据在法医牙科学中的应用现状及前景

马新芳， 金苗， 孙昊， 米丛波   

  1. 新疆医科大学第一附属医院，新疆 乌鲁木齐 830054
  • 发布日期:2020-06-25 出版日期:2020-06-28
  • 通讯作者: 米丛波，男，主任医师，硕士研究生导师，主要从事法医牙科学、口腔正畸学、颅颌面生长发育研究；E-mail：mi670105@ sina.com
  • 作者简介:马新芳（1993—），女，硕士研究生，主要从事法医牙科学、口腔正畸学研究；E-mail：597262770@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区科技厅资助项目（2016D01C247）

Application Status and Prospect of Bite Mark Evidence in Forensic Odontology

MA Xin-fang, JIN Miao, SUN Hao, MI Cong-bo   

  1. The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
  • Online:2020-06-25 Published:2020-06-28

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摘要： 咬痕越来越多见于虐童、性犯罪等暴力案件中，常是嫌疑人攻击或受害者自卫的结果。由于人类牙齿大小、形状、排列各不相同，在皮肤、食物等物体上形成的咬痕具有特征性。法医牙科学运用这个原理，将实际咬痕与口内牙痕进行比对，认定或排除嫌疑人。本文就咬痕证据的实际应用、咬痕分析的研究现状和面临的问题进行简要综述，并展望咬痕分析的前景。

关键词: 法医人类学, 法医牙科学, 咬痕, 同一认定, 综述

Abstract: Bite marks are increasingly common in violent cases such as child abuse and sex crimes. Bite marks are often the result of a suspect’s attack or a victim’s self-defense. Because human teeth vary in size, shape and arrangement, bite marks on objects such as skin and food are characteristic. By using this principle, forensic odontology can identify or exclude suspects by comparing actual bite marks with the teeth marks in the mouth. In this paper, the practical application of bite mark evidence, the research status and problems of bite mark analysis are briefly reviewed, and the prospect of bite mark analysis is also discussed.

Key words: forensic anthropology, forensic odontology, bite mark, personal identification, review