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Clinico-Pathologic Findings in Young Pigs Fed Different Levels of Selenium, Vitamin E and Antioxidant

Klinisk-patoiogiske fund hos unge svin, fodret med forskellige niveauer af seien, vitamin E og antioxidant

Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica volume 23, pages 295–308 (1982)Cite this article

Abstract

A randomized, blocked 23 factorial experiment was conducted with 48 young pigs. The treatment factors were: 2 levels of selenium (55 and 115 µg/kg), 2 levels of vitamin E (3 and 53 mg/kg) and 2 levels of the antioxidant feed additive Ethoxyquin (0 and 150 mg/kg). All pigs were kept in single pens and fed ad libitum throughout the experimental period of 9 weeks, i.e. from 3 to 12 weeks of age.

Plasma, heart, liver and muscle Se levels as well as whole blood glutathione peroxidase activity (EC 1.11.1.9 GSH-Px) were significantly higher in pigs given a dietary supplement of Se than in pigs given no supplement of Se (P ≤ 0.001). The Se-supplemented pigs showed a tendency to lower mean serum transaminase activity (ASAT and ALAT) than unsupplemented pigs, but the influence was significant (P ≤ 0.05) only for the ALAT activity.

Blood vit. E levels were higher for pigs receiving a supplement of vit. E than for unsupplemented pigs (P ≤ 0.001), and so was the resistance of red blood cells against lipid peroxidation (ELP), as expressed by lower ELP values.

There were no effects of Ethoxyquin supplementation on the biochemical variables included in the study.

The histological examination of heart muscle showed that the score for changes was negatively influenced by both Se and vit. E supplement (P ≤ 0.001) and to some extent also by Ethoxyquin supplement (P ≤ 0.05). The histological picture of m. long dorsi was influenced only by the vit. E supplement (P ≤ 0.01). No histological changes were found in the liver in this study. There were inverse relationships between whole blood GSH-Px defluorescence time and blood Se, and between ELP and whole blood vit. E (P ≤ 0.001).

Sammendrag

Et 23 faktorielt forsøg blev gennemført med ialt 48 grise. Dyrene indgik i undersøgelsen ved en alder af 3 uger, og de blev aflivet ved 12 ugers alderen. Forsøgsbehandlingen var to niveauer af seien (55-og 115 µg/kg), to niveauer af vitamin E (3- og 53 mg/kg) og to niveauer af foder-antioxidanten Ethoxyquin (0- og 150 mg/kg). Grisene var under hele forsøget placeret i enkeltstier, og de havde adgang til foderet ad libitum. Ved forsøgets afslutning blev grisene obduceret med henblik på såvel patologisk-anatomiske som biokemiske undersøgelser.

Effekten af hver behandling samt interaktionerne mellem behandlinger blev beregnet ved hjaelp af en variansanalyse.

Se-indholdet i plasma, hjerte, lever og m. longissimus dorsi samt glutation peroxidase (GSH-Px) aktiviteten i fuldblod var signifikant højere for grise, der fik tilskud af Se i foderet end hos grise uden Setilskud (P = 0.001). Grise, der fik Se-tilskud, havde gennemgående lavere ASAT og ALAT aktivitet i serum end grise, fodret uden tilskud af Se; kun for ALAT’s vedkommende var indflydelsen af Se-tilskuddet statistisk signifikant (P = 0.005).

Blodets indhold af vit. E var højere og blodlegemernes resistens mod peroxydering (ELP) var lavere for grise, der fik vit. E end for grise uden tilskud af vit. E (P = 0.001). Der var ingen effekt af Ethoxyquin-tilskud på de biokemiske variable, der blev målt i forsøget.

De histologiske undersøgelser af hjertemuskulatur viste, at points for forandringer var negativt påvirket af såvel Se som vit. E tilskud (P = 0.001). Der var ligeledes en tendens til negativ indflydelse af Ethoxyquin tilskuddet (P = 0.05). På de histologiske forandringer i m. long, dorsi havde kun vit. E nogen indflydelse (P = 0.01).

Hos ingen af grisene fandtes specifikke histologiske forandringer i leveren.

Der var omvendt proportionalitet mellem GSH-Px defluorescenstid i blöd og Se i blöd, og mellem ELP og vit. E i fuldblod.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Internal Medicine, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Department of Clinical Chemistry, State Veterinary Serum Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Copenhagen, Risø National Laboratory, Roskilde, National Food Institute, Søborg, and Department for Experiments with Pigs and Horses, National Institute of Animal Science, Bülowsvej 13, Copenhagen, DK-1870, Denmark

    M. G. Simesen, P. Thode Jensen, A. Basse, G. Gissel-Nielsen, T. Leth, V. Danielsen & H. E. Nielsen

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  1. M. G. Simesen
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  2. P. Thode Jensen
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  3. A. Basse
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  4. G. Gissel-Nielsen
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  5. T. Leth
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  6. V. Danielsen
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  7. H. E. Nielsen
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This study was supported by a grant from the Danish Agricultural and Veterinary Research Council.

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Simesen, M.G., Jensen, P.T., Basse, A. et al. Clinico-Pathologic Findings in Young Pigs Fed Different Levels of Selenium, Vitamin E and Antioxidant. Acta Vet Scand 23, 295–308 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03546813

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Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica

ISSN: 1751-0147