Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Type: Article
Published: 2018-07-02
Page range: 307–318
Abstract views: 84
PDF downloaded: 2

Key to the currently recognized species of Limnias Schrank, 1803 (Rotifera, Monogononta, Gnesiotrocha, Flosculariidae)

Department of Biology, Ripon College, Ripon, WI, 54971, USA
Department of Biological Sciences, 500 W. University Ave., University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
Department of Biological Sciences, 500 W. University Ave., University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
biodiversity distribution morphology taxonomy Porifera

Abstract

Although the most widely used key to the Rotifera subsumes six species of the sessile genus Limnias within two species groups (L. ceratophylli and L. melicerta), the original descriptions of these forms are sufficiently different to recognize them as distinct entities. We used these descriptions and all available literature on these species to develop dichotomous and formula keys to the six species based on easily recognizable morphological characters. As part of our review we added relevant ecological information from published sources, as well as our own data. We also discuss the need for additional observations of morphological, behavioral, life history, and genetic features to better understand the diversity of this widespread genus.

References

  1. Ahlstrom, E.H. (1934) Rotatoria of Florida. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 53 (3), 251–266.
    https://doi.org/10.2307/3222102

    Bailey, J.W. (1855) Notes on new species and localities of microscopical organisms. Smithsonian contributions to knowledge, 7 (Ar. III), 3, 1–16.

    Beach, N.W. (1960) A study of the planktonic rotifers of the Ocqueoc River system, Presque Isle County, Michigan. Ecological Monographs, 30 (4), 339–358.
    https://doi.org/10.2307/1948432

    Delbecque, E.J.P. & Suykerbuyk, R.E.M. (1988) A comparison of the periphyton of Nuphar lutea and Nymphaea alba. Spatial and temporal changes in the occurrence of sessile microfauna. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, 112 (4), 541–566.

    De Smet, W.H. (1998) Preparation of rotifer trophi for light and scanning electron microscopy. Hydrobiologia, 387/388, 117–121.
    https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017053518665

    Edmondson, W.T. (1944) Ecological studies of sessile Rotatoria, Part I. Factors affecting distribution. Ecological Monographs, 14 (1), 32–66.
    https://doi.org/10.2307/1961631

    Fontaneto, D. (2014) Molecular phylogenies as a tool to understand diversity in rotifers. International Review of Hydrobiology, 99 (1–2), 178–187.
    https://doi.org/10.1002/iroh.201301719

    Fontaneto, D., Giordani, I., Melone, G. & Serra, M. (2007) Disentangling the morphological stasis in two rotifer species of the Brachionus plicatilis species complex. Hydrobiologia, 583 (1), 297–307.
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-007-0573-1

    Fontaneto, D., Kaya, M., Herniou, E.A. & Barraclough, T.G. (2009) Extreme levels of hidden diversity in microscopic animals (Rotifera) revealed by DNA taxonomy. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 53 (1), 182–189.

    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2009.04.011

    Fontaneto, D., Melone, G. & Cardini, A. (2004) Shape diversity in the trophi of different species of Rotaria (Rotifera, Bdelloidea): a geometric morphometric study. Italian Journal of Zoology, 71 (1), 63–72.
    https://doi.org/10.1080/11250000409356552

    Francez, A.-J. (1984a) Écologie des peuplements de rotifères sessiles des lac-tourbières D’Auvergne (France). Bulletin d' Écologie, 15 (4), 231–237. [in French]

    Francez, A.-J. (1984b) Rotifères sessiles observés en Auvergne. Cahiers des Naturalistes, 40 (3/4), 73–80. [in French]

    Fu, Y., Hirayama, K. & Natsukari, Y. (1991) Morphological differences between two types of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis O. F. Müller. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 151 (1), 29–41.
    https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(91)90013-M

    Gómez, A., Serra, M., Carvalho, G.R. & Lunt, D.H. (2002) Speciation in ancient cryptic species complexes: evidence from the molecular phylogeny of Brachionus plicatilis (Rotifera). Evolution, 56 (7), 1431–1444.
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2002.tb01455.x

    Gribble, K.E. & Mark Welch, D.B. (2012) The mate recognition protein gene mediates reproductive isolation and speciation in the Brachionus plicatilis cryptic species complex. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 12 (1), 134.
    https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-12-134

    Hlava, S. (1908) Böhmens Rädertiere. Monographie der Familie Melicertidae. Archiv für die naturwissenschaftliche Landesdurchforschung von Böhmen, 13, 1–83. [in German]

    Hudson, C.T. & Gosse, P.H. (1886) The Rotifera; or wheel-animalcules, both British and foreign. Vols. I & II. Longmans, Green, and Co., London, 41 pp. & 48 pp.

    Jersabek, C.D. & Leitner, M.F. (2013) The Rotifer World Catalog. World Wide Web electronic publication. Available from: http://www.rotifera.hausdernatur.at/ (accessed 13 March 2018)

    Jersabek, C.D., Segers, H. & Dingmann, B.J. (2003) The Frank J. Myers Rotifer Collection at The Academy of Natural Sciences: The whole collection in digital images. Special Publication 20. The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia. [ISSN 0097-3254, CD-ROM]

    Kellicott, D.S. (1888) Partial list of Rotifera of Shiawassee River at Corunna, Michigan. Proceedings of the American Society of Microscopists, 10, 89–96.
    https://doi.org/10.2307/3220439

    Kleinow, W., Klusemann, J. & Wratil, H. (1990) A gentle method for the preparation of hard parts (trophi) of the mastax of rotifers and scanning electron microscopy of the trophi of Brachionus plicatilis (Rotifera). Zoomorphology, 109, 329–336.
    https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00803573

    Kordbacheh, A., Garbalena, G. & Walsh, E.J. (2017) Population structure and cryptic species in the cosmopolitan rotifer Euchlanis dilatata. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 20 (4), 1–21.
    https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx027

    Koste, W. (1978) Rotatoria. Die Rädertiere Mitteleuropas begründet von Max Voigt. I. Textband. Gebrüder Borntraeger, Stuttgart, 673 pp. [in German]

    Leidy, J. (1874) Notes of some fresh water infusoria. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 26 (2), 140.

    Kutikova, L.A. (1995) Larval metamorphosis in sessile rotifers. Hydrobiologia, 313/314 (1), 133–138.

    https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00025942

    Magnusson, W.E. (1985) Habitat selection, parasites and injuries in Amazonian crocodilians. Amazoniana, 9 (2), 193–204.

    Meksuwan, P., Pholpunthin, P. & Segers, H. (2011) Diversity of sessile rotifers (Gnesiotrocha, Monogononta, Rotifera) in Thale Noi Lake, Thailand. Zootaxa, 2997, 1–18.

    Mills, S., Alcántara-Rodríguez, J.A., Ciros-Pérez, J., Gómez, A., Hagiwara, A., Galindo, K.H., Jersabek, C.D., Malekzadeh-Viayeh, R., Leasi, F., Lee, J.-S., Mark Welch, D.B. Papakostas, S., Riss, S., Segers, H., Serra, M., Shiel, R., Smolak, R., Snell, T.W., Stelzer, C.-P., Tang, C.Q., Wallace, R.L., Fontaneto, D. & Walsh, E.J. (2017) Fifteen species in one: deciphering the Brachionus plicatilis species complex (Rotifera, Monogononta) through DNA taxonomy. Hydrobiologia, 796 (1), 39–58.
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-016-2725-7

    Nilsen, H.C. & Larimore, R.W. (1973) Establishment of invertebrate communities on log substrates in the Kaskaskia River, Illinois. Ecology, 54 (2), 366–374.
    https://doi.org/10.2307/1934344

    Reyna-Fabián, M.E., Laclette, J.P., Cummings, M.P. & García-Varela, M. (2010) Validating the systematic position of Plationus Segers, Murugan & Dumont, 1993 (Rotifera: Brachionidae) using sequences of the large subunit of the nuclear ribosomal DNA and of cytochrome C oxidase. Hydrobiologia, 644 (1), 361–370.
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-010-0203-1

    Rousselet, C. (1889) Note on a new rotifer, "Limnias cornuella." Journal of the Quekett Microscopical Club, Series 2, 3, 337–338.
    https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.2077

    Sarma, S.S.S., Jiménez-Santos, M.A., Nandini, S. & Wallace, R.L. (2017) Demography of the sessile rotifers, Limnias ceratophylli and Limnias melicerta (Rotifera: Gnesiotrocha), in relation to food (Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck, 1890) density. Hydrobiologia, 796 (1), 181–189.
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-017-3184-5

    Schröder, T. & Walsh, E.J. (2010) Genetic differentiation, behavioural reproductive isolation and mixis cues in three sibling species of monogonont rotifers. Freshwater Biology, 55 (12), 2570–2584.

    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2010.02487.x

    Schrank, F. (1803) Fauna Boica. Durchgedachte Geschichte der in Baiern einheimischen und zahmen Thiere. Dritten und lezten Bandes zweyte Abtheilung. Fauna Boica, 3/2, 1–372. [in German]

    Segers, H. (1995) Nomenclatural consequences of some recent studies on Brachionus plicatilis (Rotifera, Brachionidae). Hydrobiologia, 313/314, 121–122.
    https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1583-1_15

    Segers, H. (2007) Annotated checklist of the rotifers (Phylum Rotifera), with notes on nomenclature, taxonomy and distribution. Zootaxa, 1564, 1–104.

    Segers, H., De Smet, W.H., Fischer, C., Fontaneto, D., Michaloudi, E., Wallace, R.L. & Jersabek, C.D. (2012) Towards a list of available names in zoology, partim phylum Rotifera. Zootaxa, 3179, 61–68.

    Segers, H., Meksuwan, P. & Sanoamuang, L.-o. (2010) New records of sessile rotifers (Phylum Rotifera: Flosculariacea, Collothecacea) from Southeast Asia. Belgian Journal of Zoology, 140 (2), 235–240.

    Stenroos, K.E. (1898) Das Thierleben im Nurmijärvi-See. Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica, 17, 1–259. [in German]

    Tatem, J.G. (1868) On a new melicertian and some varieties of Melicerta ringens. The Journal of the Quekett Microscopical Club, 1, 124–125.
    https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.3580

    Tiefenbacher, L. (1972) Beträge zur Biologie und Ökologie sessiler Rotatorien unter besonder Berücksichtigung des Gehäusebaues und der Regenerationsfähigkeit. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, 71 (1), 31–78. [in German]

    Wallace, R.L. (1977) Distribution of sessile rotifers in an acid bog pond. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, 79 (4), 478–505.

    Wallace, R.L. (1978) Substrate selection by larvae of the sessile rotifer Ptygura beauchampi. Ecology, 59 (2), 221–227.
    https://doi.org/10.2307/1936366

    Wallace, R.L. & Edmondson, W.T. (1986) Mechanism and adaptive significance of substrate selection by a sessile rotifer. Ecology, 67 (2), 314–323.
    https://doi.org/10.2307/1938575

    Wallace, R.L., Snell, T.W. & Smith, H.A. (2015) Phylum Rotifera. In: Thorp, J.H. & Rogers, D.C. (Eds.), Thorp and Covich’s Freshwater Invertebrates. Elsevier, Waltham, MA, pp. 225–271.
    https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-385026-3.00013-9

    Walsh, E.J. (1989) Oviposition behavior of the littoral rotifer Euchlanis dilatata. Hydrobiologia, 186/187 (1), 157–161.
    https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00048908

    Wen, X., Xi, Y., Zhang, G., Xue, Y. & Xiang, X. (2016) Coexistence of cryptic Brachionus calyciflorus (Rotifera) species: roles of environmental variables. Journal of Plankton Research, 38 (3), 478–489.
    https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbw006

    Western, G. (1891) Notes on rotifers. Journal of the Quekett Microscopical Club, Series 2, 4, 320–322.

    Wright, H.G.S. (1954) The ringed tube of Limnias melicerta Weisse. Microscopy, 10, 13–19.

    Yang, H. & Hochberg, R. (2018) Ultrastructure of the extracorporeal tube and “cement glands” in the sessile rotifer Limnias melicerta (Rotifera: Gnesiotrocha). Zoomorphology, 137 (1), 1–12.

    https://doi.org/10.1007/s00435-017-0371-x