We investigated the rhizosphere bacterial community in Cryptomeria japonica plantations distributed from cool temperate to subtropical zones in order to understand how the communities are biogeographically and environmentally shaped. Fine root systems of C. japonica were collected from a 1 ha study plot established in each of following 8 areas: Hokkaido, Miyagi, Tochigi, Mie, Kochi, Kumamoto, Okinawa and Taiwan. DNA was extracted from 0.2 g of rhizosphere soils, and amplicon sequence analysis was performed on the V3/V4 region of 16S rRNA by Miseq. Ordination analysis indicated that the rhizosphere bacterial community was significantly correlated with soil EC and pH and a spatial vector. However, the explanatory power by both the environmental and spatial factors were low in variation partitioning analysis. The results indicate the significant influence of unmeasured environmental variables on the rhizosphere bacterial community pattern.