Yu Chen
Pearl Pu
ABSTRACT
This paper presents findings from a two-month comparative study involving a total of 36 participants using a social fitness application called HealthyTogether. Our aim was to understand whether and how patients with chronic diseases and healthy adults respond differently to social incentives, such as competition, cooperation, and accountability, and how these incentives could relate to their engagement in physical activities. We found that community leaderboard served different goals: healthy adults mainly used it to compete with others, and patients used it to validate their normalcy. For the patients, pairing up with strong ties fostered fulfilling fitness goals, while exercising with strangers diminished them. This study shows that social fitness application design for patients should take into account their need for support from communities and close relationships. Furthermore, our findings point towards opportunities for leveraging and modifying existing social fitness applications for patients' health management.
- Paul Adams. 2011. Grouped: How small groups of friends are the key to influence on the social web. New Riders.Google Scholar
- Aino Ahtinen, Minna Isomursu, Muzayun Mukhtar, Jani Mäntyjärvi, Jonna Häkkilä, and Jan Blom. 2009. Designing social features for mobile and ubiquitous wellness applications. In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia (MUM '09), 10 pages. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Noor Ali-Hasan, Diana Gavales, Andrew Peterson, and Matthew Raw. 2006. Fitster: social fitness information visualizer. In CHI '06 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA '06), 17951800. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Apple. 2016. IOS 9 -- Health -- Apple. Retrieved May 27, 2016 from http://www.apple.com/ios/health/.Google Scholar
- Paul Araiza, Hilary Hewes, Carrie Gashetewa, Chantal A. Vella, and Mark R. Burge. 2006. Efficacy of a pedometer-based physical activity program on parameters of diabetes control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metabolism 55, 10: 1382--1387.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Manuel Barrera, Russell E. Glasgow, H. Garth Mckay, Shawn M. Boles, and Edward G. Feil. 2002. Do Internet-Based Support Interventions Change Perceptions of Social Support?: An Experimental Trial of Approaches for Supporting Diabetes Self-Management. American journal of community psychology 30, 5: 637--654.Google Scholar
- Gary Bornstein, Uri Gneezy, and Rosmarie Nagel. 2002. The effect of intergroup competition on group coordination: An experimental study. Games and Economic Behavior 41, 1: 1--25.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Taj Campbell, Brian Ngo, and James Fogarty. 2008. Game design principles in everyday fitness applications. In Proceedings of the 2008 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work (CSCW '08), 249--252. Google ScholarDigital Library
- C-HIT. 2015. Millennials Embrace Mobile Health And Fitness Apps. Retrieved August 8, 2016 from http://chit.org/2015/07/09/millennials-embrace-mobile-healthand-fitness-apps/.Google Scholar
- Yu Chen and Pearl Pu. 2014. HealthyTogether: exploring social incentives for mobile fitness applications. In Proceedings of the Second International Symposium of Chinese CHI (Chinese CHI '14), 25--34. 10.1145/2592235.2592240 Google ScholarDigital Library
- Lucas Colusso, Gary Hsieh, and Sean A. Munson. 2016. Designing Closeness to Increase Gamers' Performance. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '16), 3020--3024. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Sunny Consolvo, Katherine Everitt, Ian Smith, and James A. Landay. 2006. Design requirements for technologies that encourage physical activity. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '06), 457--466. Google ScholarDigital Library
- GoalSponsor. 2016. GoalSponsor Homepage. Retrieved May 27, 2016 from https://www.goalsponsors.com.Google Scholar
- Michele Heisler, and John D. Piette. 2005. "I Help You, and You Help Me" Facilitated Telephone Peer Support Among Patients With Diabetes. The Diabetes Educator 31, 6: 869--879.Google ScholarCross Ref
- John P. Higgins. 2016. Smartphone applications for patients' health and fitness. The American journal of medicine 129, 1: 11--19.Google Scholar
- Victoria Hollis, Artie Konrad, and Steve Whittaker. 2015. Change of Heart: Emotion Tracking to Promote Behavior Change. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '15), 2643--2652. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Margaret Schneider Jamner, Donna Spruijt-Metz, Stan Bassin, and Dan M. Cooper. 2004. A controlled evaluation of a school-based intervention to promote physical activity among sedentary adolescent females: project FAB. Journal of Adolescent Health 34, 4: 279289.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Predrag Klasnja, Sunny Consolvo, and Wanda Pratt. 2011. How to evaluate technologies for health behavior change in HCI research. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 3063--3072. ACM. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Emily Knight, Melanie I. Stuckey, Harry Prapavessis, and Robert J. Petrella. 2015. Public health guidelines for physical activity: Is there an app for that? A review of android and apple app stores. JMIR mHealth and uHealth3, 2.Google Scholar
- Robert E. Kraut, Paul Resnick, Sara Kiesler, Moira Burke, Yan Chen, Niki Kittur, Joseph Konstan, Yuqing Ren, and John Riedl. 2012. Building successful online communities: Evidence-based social design. MIT Press. Google ScholarDigital Library
- James J. Lin, Lena Mamykina, Silvia Lindtner, Gregory Delajoux, and Henry B. Strub. 2006. Fish'n'Steps: encouraging physical activity with an interactive computer game. In Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp'06), 261--278. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Leslie S. Liu, Kori M. Inkpen, and Wanda Pratt. 2015. "I'm Not Like My Friends": Understanding How Children with a Chronic Illness Use Technology to Maintain Normalcy. In Proceedings of the 18th ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing (CSCW '15), 1527--1539. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Andrew Macvean and Judy Robertson. 2013. Understanding exergame users' physical activity, motivation and behavior over time. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '13), 1251--1260. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Lena Mamykina, Elizabeth D. Mynatt, and David R. Kaufman. 2006. Investigating health management practices of individuals with diabetes. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '06), Rebecca Grinter, Thomas Rodden, Paul Aoki, Ed Cutrell, Robin Jeffries, and Gary Olson (Eds.), 927--936. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Siobhan K. McMahon, Beth Lewis, Michael Oakes, Weihua Guan, Jean F. Wyman, and Alexander J. Rothman. 2016. Older Adults? Experiences Using a Commercially Available Monitor to Self-Track Their Physical Activity. JMIR mHealth and uHealth 4, 2.Google Scholar
- Andrew D. Miller and Elizabeth D. Mynatt. "StepStream: a school-based pervasive social fitness system for everyday adolescent health." Proceedings of the 32nd annual ACM conference on Human factors in computing systems. ACM, 2014. Google ScholarDigital Library
- MobileHealthNews. 2016. Study: 12 percent of US consumers own a fitness band or smartwatch. Retrieved May 27, 2016 from http://mobihealthnews.com/content/study-12-percentus-consumers-own-fitness-band-or-smartwatch.Google Scholar
- François Modave, Jiang Bian, Trevor Leavitt, Jennifer Bromwell, Charles Harris III, and Heather Vincent. 2015. Low Quality of Free Coaching Apps With Respect to the American College of Sports Medicine Guidelines: A Review of Current Mobile Apps. JMIR mHealth and uHealth 3, 3.Google Scholar
- Florian Mueller, Frank Vetere, Martin Gibbs, Darren Edge, Stefan Agamanolis, Jennifer Sheridan, and Jeffrey Heer. 2012. Balancing exertion experiences. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '12), 1853--1862. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Sean A. Munson, Erin Krupka, Caroline Richardson, and Paul Resnick. 2015. Effects of Public Commitments and Accountability in a TechnologySupported Physical Activity Intervention. InProceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '15), 1135--1144. Google ScholarDigital Library
- John A. Naslund, Kelly A. Aschbrenner, and Stephen J. Bartels. 2016. Wearable devices and smartphones for activity tracking among people with serious mental illness. Mental health and physical activity, 10, pp.1017.Google Scholar
- OECD. 2015. Adult Obesity Causes & Consequences. Retrieved May 27, 2016 from http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html.Google Scholar
- OECD. 2015. Obesity and the Economics of Prevention. Retrieved May 27, 2016 from http://www.oecd.org/health/health-systems/obesityand-the-economics-of-prevention-9789264084865en.htm.Google Scholar
- Ari H. Pollack, Uba Backonja, Andrew D. Miller, Sonali R. Mishra, Maher Khelifi, Logan Kendall, and Wanda Pratt. 2016. Closing the Gap: Supporting Patients' Transition to Self-Management after Hospitalization. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '16), 5324--5336. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Chris Preist, Elaine Massung, and David Coyle. 2014. Competing or aiming to be average?: normification as a means of engaging digital volunteers. In Proceedings of the 17th ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work & social computing (CSCW '14), 1222--1233. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Brian K. Smith, Jeana Frost, Meltem Albayrak, and Rajneesh Sudhakar. 2007. Integrating glucometers and digital photography as experience capture tools to enhance patient understanding and communication of diabetes self-management practices. Personal Ubiquitous Comput. 11, 4, 273--286. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Statista. 2016. Market reach of the most popular Android app categories worldwide as of March 2016. Retrieved May 27, 2016 from http://www.statista.com/statistics/200855/favouritesmartphone-app-categories-by-share-of-smartphoneusers/.Google Scholar
- Stickk. 2016. Stickk.com. Retrieved May 27, 2016 from http://www.stickk.com/.Google Scholar
- Emily Sun, Brooke Jones, Stefano Traca, and Maarten W. Bos. "Leaderboard Position Psychology: Counterfactual Thinking." In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 1217--1222. ACM, 2015. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Tammy Toscos, Anne Faber, Shunying An, and Mona Praful Gandhi. 2006. Chick clique: persuasive technology to motivate teenage girls to exercise. In CHI '06 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA '06), 1873--1878. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Henk A. van Dam, Frans G. van der Horst, Lut Knoops, Richard M. Ryckman, Harry FJM Crebolder, and Bart HW van den Borne. 2005. Social support in diabetes: a systematic review of controlled intervention studies. Patient education and counseling 59, 1: 1--12.Google Scholar
- Geert Verbeke, and Geert Molenberghs. 2009. Linear mixed models for longitudinal data. Springer Science & Business Media.Google Scholar
- World Health Organization. Physical Activity. Retrieved May 27, 2016 from http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/pa/en/.Google Scholar
Index Terms
- Design Considerations for Social Fitness Applications: Comparing Chronically Ill Patients and Healthy Adults
Recommendations
When Fitness Meets Social Networks: Investigating Fitness Tracking and Social Practices on WeRun
CHI '17: Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsThe last two decades have seen growing interest in promoting physical activities by using self-tracking technologies. Previous work has identified social interactions in self-tracking as a crucial factor in motivating users to exercise. However, it is ...
Social Media Usage, Social Relations, and a Sense of Community in Indonesia
Because of their participatory nature, social media can facilitate and accelerate social relationships, but their functions may vary from one cultural context to another. This article aims to investigate whether social media usage affects social ...
The 'Self' as Barrier for Self-Management Technologies in Healthcare?
PervasiveHealth '18: Proceedings of the 12th EAI International Conference on Pervasive Computing Technologies for HealthcareSelf-management technologies are promising in healthcare. In the name of patient empowerment, they can address an important challenge: how to meet an increasing demand for care without additional resources. We designed and evaluated the PICASSO-Tx ...
Comments