Abstract
At the Large Hadron Collider at CERN the proton bunches cross at a rate of 40 MHz. At the Compact Muon Solenoid experiment the original collision rate is reduced by a factor of \(\mathcal{O}\) (1000) using a Level-1 hardware trigger. A subsequent factor of \(\mathcal{O}\) (1000) data reduction is obtained by a software-implemented high level trigger (HLT) selection that is executed on a multi-processor farm. In this review we present in detail prototype CMS HLT physics selection algorithms, expected trigger rates and trigger performance in terms of both physics efficiency and timing.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
The LHC Study Group, The Large Hadron Collider Conceptual Design, CERN-AC-95-05 (1995)
See e.g. B. Heinemann, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 20, 5164–5173 (2005)
J.G. Branson et al., Eur. Phys. J. Direct C4, N1 (2002), [hep-ph/0110021]
F. Gianotti, M. Pepe-Altarelli, Nucl. Phys. Proc. Suppl. 89, 177 (2000), [hep-ex/0006016]
T. Sjöstrand, L. Lonnblad and S Mrenna, PYTHIA6.2: Physics and Manual, [hep-ph/0108264]; T. Sjöstrand, P. Edén, C. Friberg, L. Lönnblad, G. Miu, S. Mrenna, E. Norrbin, Computer Phys. Commun. 135, 238 (2001)
G.A. Schuler, T. Sjöstrand, Phys. Rev. D 49, 2257 (1994)
CMS Coll., The Trigger and Data Acquisition project, Volume I, The Level-1 Trigger, Technical Design Report, CERN/LHCC 2000-038, CMS TDR 6.1, 15 December 2000
H. Baer et al., ISAJET, a Monte Carlo for pp p̄p and e+e- reactions, [hep-ph/0001086]
N. Amapane et al., Monte Carlo Simulation of Inclusive Single-Muon and Di-Muon Samples, CMS Note [2002/041]
H. Sakulin, J. Phys. G 30, N45 (2004)
CMS Simulation Package CMSIM, The Users Guide and Reference Manual, http://cmsdoc.cern.ch/cmsim/cmsim.html
GEANT3, version 3.21/13: Detector Description and Simulation Tool, CERN program library long writeup W5013
E. Meschi et al., Electron Reconstruction in the CMS Electromagnetic Calorimeter, CMS Note 2001/034
P. Aspell et al., Results from the 1999 Beam Test of a Preshower Prototype, CMS Note 2001/001
I. Puljak, These de Doctorat de l’Universite Paris VI, 21 Sept 2000
CMS Coll., The Electromagnetic Calorimeter Project, Technical Design Report, CERN/LHCC 97-33, CMS TDR 4, 15 December 1997
G. Daskalakis, K. Lassila-Perini, Jet rejection using the pixel matching for the low and the high luminosity, CMS Note 2002/039
P. Billoir, R. Früwirth, M. Regler, Nucl. Instrum. Methods A 241, 115 (1985)
V. Innocente, M. Maire, E. Nagy, GEANE, CERN program library long writeup W5013-E
G. Bruno et al., Local reconstruction in the muon detectors, CMS Note 2002/043
N. Amapane, M. Fierro, M. Konecki, High-Level Trigger Algorithms for Muon Isolation, CMS Note 2002/040
D. Green et al., Energy Flow Objects and Usage of Tracks for Energy Measurement in CMS, CMS Note 2002/036
R. Kinnunen, A. Nikitenko, Study of H(SUSY) →ττ→l+τJet+≠ET in CMS, CMS Note 1997/106
D. Denegri, R. Kinnunen, Study of H(SUSY) →ττ→h++h-+X in CMS, CMS Note 1999/037
R. Kinnunen, Study for Heavy Charged Higgs in pp→tH+ with H+τ+ν in CMS, CMS Note 2000/045
J.E. Huth et al., Proc. Res. Directions for the decade, Snowmass 1990
S. Eno et al., A Study of a First and Second Level Tau Trigger, CMS Note 2000/055
D. Kotlinski, A. Nikitenko, R. Kinnunen, Study of a Level-3 Tau Trigger with the Pixel Detector, CMS Note 2001/017
G. Bagliesi, S. Gennai, G. Sguazzoni, A L2 Trigger for Tau Hadronic Decays with Tracker Isolation in the Low Luminosity Scenario, CMS Note 2002/018
G. Segneri, F. Palla, Lifetime-based b-tagging with CMS, CMS Note 2002/046
The LEP Heavy Flavour Group, “Input Parameters for the LEP/SLD Heavy Flavour Analyses”, LEPHF/2001-01, http://www.cern.ch/LEPEWWG/heavy/lephf0101.ps.gz
D. Kotlinski, A. Starodumov, High Level Tracker Triggers for CMS, Presented at: Vertex 2001, Brunnen Switzerland, September 2000, CMS Conference Report 2002/003
D. Kotlinski, Nucl. Phys. Proc. Suppl. 120, 249 (2003)
M. Winkler et al., Estimation of Alignment Parameters, Using the Kalman Filter with Annealing, CMS Note 2002/008
A. Ostaptchouk et al., The Alignment System of the CMS Tracker, CMS Note 2001/053
D. Futyan, C. Seez, Intercalibration of ECAL Crystals in Phi Using Symmetry of Energy Deposition, CMS Note 2002/031
CMS Coll., The Hadronic Calorimeter Project, Technical Design Report, CERN/LHCC 97–31, CMS TDR 2, 20 June 1997
CMS Coll., The Muon Project, Technical Design Report, CERN/LHCC 97–32, CMS TDR 3, 15 December 1997
O.J.P. Eboli, D. Zeppenfeld, Phys. Lett. B 495, 147 (2000)
B. Di Girolamo et al., Experimental Observation of an Invisible Higgs Boson at the LHC, Workshop on Physics at TeV Colliders, Les Houches, 2001, the Higgs Working Group: summary report, [hep-ph/0203056]
H. Baer et al., Phys. Rev. D 58, 075008 (1998)
H. Baer, F.E. Paige, S.D. Protopopescu, X. Tata, [hep-ph/0001086]
G. Corcella, I.G. Knowles, G. Marchesini, S. Moretti, K. Odagiri, P. Richardson, M.H. Seymour, B.R. Webber, JHEP 01, 010 (2001)
N. Arkani-Hamed, A.G. Cohen, T. Gregoire, E. Katz, A.E. Nelson, J.G. Wacker, HEP 0208, 021 (2002); M. Schmaltz, Introducing the Little Higgs, [hep-ph/0210415]
D. Amidei, R. Brock, Future Electroweak Physics at the Fermilab Tevatron: Report of the TeV 2000 Study Group, FERMILAB-PUB-96/08
CDF coll., F. Abe et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 3538 (1995)
L. Vacavant, I Hinchliffe, J. Phys. 27, 1839 (2001)
H. Cheng, K. Matchev, M. Schmalz, Phys. Rev. D 66, 056006 (2002) , [hep-ph/0205314]
C. Macesanu, C.D. McMullen, S. Nandi, Phys. Lett. B 546, 253 (2002)
G. Azuelos et al., Exploring Little Higgs models with ATLAS at the LHC, [hep-ph/0402037]
Author information
Consortia
Additional information
PACS
13.85.-t; 07.05.Kf; 07.05.Tp; 02.07.Uu
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
The CMS Collaboration. The CMS high level trigger. Eur. Phys. J. C 46, 605–667 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s2006-02495-8
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s2006-02495-8