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Magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4 & Co3O4) and their applications in urea biosensing

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Abstract

Nanobiotechnology has opened a new and exciting opportunities for exploring urea biosensor based on magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) mainly Fe3O4 and Co3O4. These NPs have been extensively exploited to develop biosensors with stability, selectivity, reproducibility and fast response time. This review gives an overview of the development of urea biosensor based on Fe3O4 and Co3O4 for in vitro diagnostic applications along with significant improvements over the last few decades. Additionally, effort has been made to elaborate properties of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in biosensing aspects. It also gives details of recent developments in hybrid nanobiocomposite based urea biosensor.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan

    Akbar Ali, Mukhtar Ahmad, Majid Niaz Akhtar & Saleem Farooq Shaukat

  2. Department of Physics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan

    Ghulam Mustafa

  3. Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia

    M. Atif & W. A. Farooq

  4. National Institute of Laser and Optronics, Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan

    M. Atif

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  1. Akbar Ali
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Ali, A., Ahmad, M., Akhtar, M.N. et al. Magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4 & Co3O4) and their applications in urea biosensing. Russ J Appl Chem 89, 517–534 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1070427216040017

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