Abstract
Root-knot nematodes are serious pests that cause losses of a wide range of different crops. Nematodes are controlled mainly by nematicides which cause pollution and have serious effects on all living organisms including human beings. Therefore, discovering alternative methods to control plant parasitic nematodes was attempted during the last few years to avoid pesticides hazards. Four species of marine algae (Ulva lactuca, Jania rubens, Laurencia obtusa and Sargassum vulgare) were tested to control root-knot nematode, (Meloidogyne spp.) infecting banana plants (Musa spp.). All the treatments significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reduced the rate of build-up compared with the check. U. lactuca alga gave the best results in reducing the number of galls (73.68%) and the final population of nematode (56.78%). The chemical analysis of all tested materials revealed that U. lactuca had the highest amount of phenolics (10.39 mg GAE/g dry wt). This may explain the remarkable high capability of U. lactuca to control root-knot nematode infections. Also, the same alga was the best treatment and showed maximum growth when compared with other algae and the check. For instance, shoot weight of U. lactuca surpassed the other treatments, even that of non-nematizied check one, giving high increase percentage.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ara, J., Sultana, V., Ehtechamul-Haque, S., Qureshi, S.A., and Ahmad, V.U., Bioactivity of seaweed against soil borne plant pathogens, Phytologia, 1998, vol. 85, pp. 292–299.
Ara, J., Sultana, V., Ehtechamul-Haque, S., Qasim, R., and Ahmad, V.U., Cytotoxic activity of marine macroalgae on Artemia salina, Phytother. Res., 1999, vol. 13, pp. 304–307.
Ara, J., Sultana, V., Ehtechamul-Haque, S., Qasim, R., and Ahmad, V.U., Hypolipidaemic activity of seaweeds from Karachi coast, Phytother. Res., 2002, vol. 16, pp. 479–483.
Ara, J., Sultana, V., Ehtechamul-Haque, S., Athar, M., and Qasim, R., Antibacterial activity of marine macroalgae from Karachi coast, Bull. Polish Acad. Sci., 2002, vol. 50, pp. 199–206.
Blunden, G., Agricultural uses of seaweeds and seaweed extracts, in Seaweed Resources in Europe: Uses and Potential, Guiry, M.D. and Blunden, G., Eds., Chichester: Wiley, 1991, pp. 65–81.
Chitwood, J.D., Phytochemical based strategies for nematode control, Ann. Rev. Phytopathol., 2002, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 21–49.
Craigie, J.S., Seaweed extracts stimuli in plant science and agriculture, J. App. Phycol., 2011, vol. 23, pp. 371–393.
Crouch, I.J. and van Staden, J., Commercial seaweed products as biostimulants in horticulture, J. Home Consum. Hort., 1994, vol. 1, pp. 19–76.
Edeoga H.O., Okwu D.E., and Mbaebie, B.O., Phytochemical constituents of some Nigerian medicinal plants, Afr. J. Biotechnol, 2005, vol. 4, pp. 685–688.
Fenical, W., Natural products chemistry in the marine environment, Science, 1982, vol. 215, pp. 923–928.
Gowen, S.R. and Queneherve, P., Nematode parasites of bananas, plantains abaca, in Plant Parasitic Nematodes in Subtropical and Tropical Agriculture, Sikora, R.A. and Bridge, G., Eds., ORSTOM, 1990, pp. 431–460.
Harborne, J.B., Phytochemical Methods, London: Chapman & Hall, 1998, 3d ed.
Hussey, R.S. and Barker, R.K., A comparison of methods of collecting inocula of Meloidogyne spp. including a new technique, Plant Dis. Rep., 1973, vol. 57, pp. 1025–1028.
Jenkins, T., Blunden, G., Wu, Y., Hankins, S.D., and Gabrielsen, B.O., Are the reductions in nematode attack on plants treated with seaweed extracts the result of stimulation of the formaldehyde cycle, Acta Biol. Hung., 1998, vol. 49, pp. 421–427.
Khan, Z., Park, S.D., Shin, S.Y., Bae, S.G., Yeon, I.K., and Seo, Y.J., Management of Meloidogyne incognita on tomato by root-dip treatment in culture filtrate of the blue-green alga, Microcoleus vaginatus, Bioresour. Technol., 2005, vol. 96, pp. 1338–1341.
Khan, W., Rayirath, U.P., Subramanian, S., Jithish, M.N., Rayorath, P., Hodges, D.M., Critchely, A.T., Craigie, J.S., Norrie, J., and Prithiviraj, B., Seaweed extract as biostimulate of plant growth and development, J. Plant Growth Reg., 2009, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 386–399.
Mareggiani, G., Leicach, S., and Laner, P., Toxicidad de extractos que contienen metabolitos secundarios de distintos organos de Melia azedarach L. alnematodo del nudo de la raiz, Fitopatologia, 1998, vol. 33, pp. 122–129.
Naqvi, B.S., Khan, A., Sheikh, D., and Sheikh, M.R., Nematicidal properties of selected marine algae from Karachi coast preliminary report, J. Islamic Acad. Sci., 1992, vol. 5, pp. 171–172.
Norton, D.C., Ecology of Plant Parasitic Nematodes, New York: Wiley, 1978.
Official Methods of Analysis of Official Analytical Chemistry, Arlington, USA: Association of Analytical Chemistry, 1990.
Rizvi, M.A. and Shameel, M., In vitro nematicidal activities seaweed extracts from Karachi coast, Pakistan J. Bot., 2006, vol. 38, pp. 1245–1248.
Singleton, V.L. and Rossi, J.A., Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic-phosphotungstic acid reagents, Am. J. Enol. Viticul., 1965, vol. 16, pp. 144–158.
Solihah, M.A., Wan Rosli, W.I., and Nurhanan, A.R., Phytochemicals screening and total phenolic content of Malaysian Zea mays hair extracts, Int. Food Res. J., 2012, vol. 19, pp. 1533–1538.
Sultana, V., Baloch, G.N., Ara, J., Ehteshamul-Haque, S., Rajput, M.T., and Mohammad, A., Seaweeds as an alternative to chemical pesticides for the management of root diseases of sunflower and tomato, J. Appl. Bot. Food Qual., 2011, vol. 84, pp. 162–168.
Thirumaran, G., Arumugam, M., Arumugam, R., and Anantharaman, P., Effect of seaweed liquid fertilizer on growth and pigment concentration of Abelmoschus esculentus medikus, Am.-Eur. J. Agron., 2009, vol. 2, pp. 57–66.
Veech, J.A., Histochemical localization and nematotoxicity of terpenoid aldehydes in cotton, J. Nematol., 1979, vol. 11, pp. 240–246.
Washington, W.S., Engleitner, S., Boontjes, G., and Shanmuganathan, N., Effect of fungicides, seaweed extracts, tea tree oil and fungal agents on fruit rot and yield in strawberry, Aust. J. Exp. Agric., 1999, vol. 39, pp. 487–494.
Wu, Y., Jenkins, T., Blunden, G., Whapham, C., and Hankins, S.D., The role of betaines in alkaline extracts of Ascophyllum nodosum in the reduction of Meloidogyne javanica and M. incognita infestations of tomato plants, Fund. Appl. Nematol., 1997, vol. 20, pp. 99–102.
Sokal, R.R. and Rohlf, F.J., Biometry: The Principles and Practice of Statistics in Biological Research, New York: W.H. Freeman, 1995, 3d ed.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
The article is published in the original.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
El-Ansary, M.S.M., Hamouda, R.A. Biocontrol of root-knot nematode infected banana plants by some marine algae. Russ J Mar Biol 40, 140–146 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063074014020047
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063074014020047