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Lower Talnakh Type Intrusions of the Norilsk Ore Region

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Abstract

Troctolites, olivine and picrite gabbrodolerites account for up to 75% of the Lower Talnakh type intrusions in areas of their elevated thickness, whereas reduced sections consist of olivine-free and olivine-bearing gabbrodolerites. The high-Mg cumulates show no clear differentiation, although the contents of TiO2 and alkalis increase towards the upper inner contacts. The transitions between the rock types are gradational, and the compositions of low-Ni olivine in different rocks (Fo70–83, 0.01–0.2 wt % NiO) overlap significantly. Clinopyroxene (Fs7–13, Mg# 68–89) is characterized by the lowest both contents and variation ranges of Cr2O3 (0.01–0.5 wt %) and TiO2 (0.05–1.0 wt %) among all types of the intrusions of the Norilsk complex, which is consistent with the Cr-depleted (0.002–0.051 wt % Cr2O3) bulk rock compositions. Later orthopyroxene (Fs15–30) is crystallized by the reaction of the residual melt with early olivine. Plagioclase forms porphyritic phenocrysts and their intergrowths along with ophitic laths, and also predominates in schlierens and fragments of leucocratic rocks in taxitic and picritic gabbrodolerites with a weakly sorted layered texture. In olivine-rich rocks, sulfides are represented by the association of troilite ± hexagonal pyrrhotite + Fe- and Co-rich pentlandite + Fe-enriched chalcopyrite (±putoranite, talnakhite) ± cubanite. The upper and lower parts of the intrusions contain association of hexagonal pyrrhotite + chalcopyrite + pentlandite, while monoclinic pyrrhotite + chalcopyrite + Ni-enriched pentlandite are formed in the inner- and outer contacts. The concentration of base (0.077–0.21 wt % Ni, 0.05–0.38 wt % Cu) and platinum metals (0.03–0.26 to 0.40 ppm total PGE) in mineralized rocks is very low. Upon small amounts of sulfides and extremely low base and platinum metal tenors, the heterogeneous S isotopic composition of the Lower Talnakh type sulfides (δ34S mainly 3.8–8.6‰, but reaches up to 11.8‰) most likely reflects the attainment of repeated sulfide saturation during the assimilation of sulfate S by magma that has previously experienced the loss of chalcophile metals into a coexisting sulfide liquid at a depth. The Sr-Nd isotopic compositions of the Lower Talnakh intrusions (Sri—from 0.7073 to 0.7087 and εNd(Т) from –1.8 to –5.9 calculated for 250 Ma) show the predominant contribution of the Proterozoic material, in contrast to the ore-bearing intrusions, which Sr-Nd isotope compositions indicate the contamination with Paleozoic upper crustal sedimentary rocks.

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Notes

  1. Supplemetary materials for the Russian and English on-line versions of the paper at https://elibrary.ru/ and http://link.springer.com/ , are presented in Supplementary 1: ESM_1.pdf: Methods; ESM_2.pdf: Compositional variations of minerals throughout the vertical section; ESM_3.pdf: Position of the Lower Talnakh intrusion in the northwest-southeast section of the Talnakh ore field; ESM_4.pdf: Position of the Lower Talnakh intrusion in the NNW–SSW sub-meridional section of the Talnakh intrusion; ESM_5.pdf: Textures of rocks of the Lower Talnakh intrusion in the ZF-211 drill hole core; ESM_6.pdf: Compositions of minerals in rocks of the Lower Talnakh type intrusions; ESM_7.pdf: Whole rock compositions of the Lower Talnakh type intrusions compared to the whole rock compositions of other magmatic complexes of the Norilsk region; ESM_8.pdf: Hafnium isotope composition for zircons from intrusions of the Norilsk region; ESM_9.pdf: Compositions of rock-forming minerals of the Lower Talnakh intrusion (drill hole TG-31); ESM_10.pdf: Compositions of rock-forming minerals of the Lower Talnakh intrusion (drill hole OP-4); ESM_11.pdf: Compositions of rock-forming minerals of the Lower Norilsk intrusion (drill hole NP-37); ESM_12.pdf: Composition of rock-forming minerals of the Zelenaya Griva intrusion (drill hole F-233); ESM_13.pdf: Whole rock compositions of the Lower Talnakh type intrusions; ESM_14.pdf: REE distribution in rocks of the Lower Talnakh and Zelenaya Griva intrusions; ESM_15.pdf: Rb-Sr isotope data for rocks of the Lower Talnakh, Zelenaya Griva and Lower Norilsk intrusions; ESM_16.pdf: Rb-Sr isotope data for rock-forming minerals of the Lower Talnakh intrusion (drill hole TG-31); ESM_17.pdf: Sulfur, base metals and PGE abundances in rocks of the Lower Talnakh type intrusions; ESM_18.pdf: Composition of sulfides in rocks of the Lower Talnakh type intrusions; ESM_19.pdf: S and Cu isotope composition of sulfides in the Lower Talnakh type intrusions.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We are grateful for fruitful discussion to our colleagues from research and prospecting organizations, especially to geologists of the Norilskgeologii (NNTS Technical Services), whose efforts significantly clarified the geological structure of the Norilsk ore region. We are grateful to V.S. Kamenetsky and I.F. Chayka for critical comments and suggestions, which helped us to specify obtained data.

Funding

The studies were supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 21–17–00119 https://rscf.ru/project/21–17–00119) with partial support of isotope studies by government-financed task no. 122022600107–1 of the Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy and Geochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    S. F. Sluzhenikin, M. A. Yudovskaya, D. M. Turovtsev & T. N. Antsiferova

  2. Zavaritskii Institute of Geology and Geochemistry, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russia

    K. N. Malitch, I. Yu. Badanina & N. G. Soloshenko

  3. CIMERA, School of Geosciences, University of Witwatersrand, 2050, Wits, South Africa

    M. A. Yudovskaya

  4. LLC “Norilskgeology”, Norilsk, Russia

    S. K. Mikhalev

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Sluzhenikin, S.F., Malitch, K.N., Yudovskaya, M.A. et al. Lower Talnakh Type Intrusions of the Norilsk Ore Region. Petrology 31, 492–518 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0869591123050065

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