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Screening and Development of β-Carotene Enriched Phaffia rhodozyma Cell by Culture Media Engineering

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Abstract

β-Carotene, a well-known carotenoid, plays an important role in several biological functions, including eye health. Presently 80–90% of carotenoids are obtained either by chemical synthesis or from plant sources, which is a very expensive procedure. Therefore, demand for industrial production of β-carotene using GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) microbes is on the rise. In the present work, β-carotene production by the yeast Phaffia rhodozyma, which was originally known only for its astaxanthin-producing property, was carried out. For this purpose, we first used mutated P. rhodozyma cells developed by our research lab and giving the highest astaxanthin production. These yeast cells were treated with different concentrations of β-ionone (40–3000 µM) on yeast-malt agar media. The addition of β-ionone (40–200 µM) resulted in yellow to orange cells after 4 to 6 days of incubation. The cells with pronounced pigmentation were subcultured and grown in optimized media in flasks under shaking. Optimal conditions for β-carotene production were determined using response surface methodology. Fermentation kinetics showed that β-carotene accumulation started in P. rhodozyma during the lag phase of growth and reached 750 µg/g at 144 h during the stationary phase of growth. The GRAS P. rhodozyma cells rich in β-carotene obtained using the culture media engineering may be used for food and feed applications.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors thank Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India for their financial support. The authors are grateful to the reviewers for their attempts at making the text more readily understandable.

Funding

The author(s) received financial support for this research article from KIRAN (Knowledge Involvement in Research Advancement through Nurturing) Scheme of DST, Govt of India letter No. SR/WOS-A/ET-29 dated 28/12/2017.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food Technology, School of Interdisciplinary Sciences and Technology, 110062, New Delhi, Jamia Hamdard, India

    S. Nagal

  2. Microbial and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 110062, New Delhi, Jamia Hamdard, India

    S. Nagal, A. Raja, I. Gupta, S. N. Adin & B. P. Panda

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Correspondence to B. P. Panda.

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COMPLIANCE WITH ETHICAL STANDARDS

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest in publishing the article. This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

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AUTHOR CONTRIBUTION

Contributions to the conception of the work, analysis and writing of manuscript were done by Shweta Nagal. Analysis and interpretation of data for the work was done by Afreen Raja and Isha Gupta. Syeda Nashvia Adin participated in analysis for the work. Concept of research work, Writing and Drafting was performed by Dr. Bibhu Prasad Panda. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Nagal, S., Raja, A., Gupta, I. et al. Screening and Development of β-Carotene Enriched Phaffia rhodozyma Cell by Culture Media Engineering. Microbiology 92, 36–46 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S002626172210068X

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