Abstract
The aging phenomenon involves complex interrelated mechanisms at different levels of physiological processes, resulting in a decreased ability to maintain homeostasis of the organism due to organ dysfunctions. The chronic inflammation, which is progressing at the tissue level, operates as a driver of many age-related diseases. Nowadays, researchers consider cell aging (senescence) as one of the aging key hallmarks, manifested as qualitative and quantitative changes in the cellular composition and intercellular communication in tissues. This review highlights the modern concepts of aging at the cellular level. Particular attention is given to the mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), which are involved in tissue homeostasis maintenance. Age-related MSC function alterations in tissue niches including immunomodulatory activity, hematopoiesis, and paracrine regulation are discussed. In addition, the approaches to MSC modification in vitro to attenuate the negative effects of aging are considered.
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The study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 19-015-00150) and the scholarship of the President of the Russian Federation (no. SP-960.2019.4).
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Translated by M. Batrukova
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Ratushnyy, A.Y., Buravkova, L.B. Cell Senescence and Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Hum Physiol 46, 85–93 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0362119720010132
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0362119720010132