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Mitochondrial Ca2+ Transport: Mechanisms, Molecular Structures, and Role in Cells

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Abstract

Mitochondria are among the most important cell organelles involved in the regulation of intracellular calcium homeostasis. During the last decade, a number of molecular structures responsible for the mitochondrial calcium transport have been identified including the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU), Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCLX), and Ca2+/H+ antiporter (Letm1). The review summarizes the data on the structure, regulation, and physiological role of such structures. The pathophysiological mechanism of Ca2+ transport through the cyclosporine A-sensitive mitochondrial permeability transition pore is discussed. An alternative mechanism for the mitochondrial pore opening, namely, formation of the lipid pore induced by saturated fatty acids, and its role in Ca2+ transport are described in detail.

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Abbreviations

ER:

endoplasmic reticulum

IMM:

inner mito-chondrial membrane

IP3 :

inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate

Letm1:

Ca2+/H+ antiporter

MAM:

mitochondria-associated membrane

MCU:

mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter

MiCU:

mito-chondrial calcium uptake

MCU:

gatekeeper

MPT:

pore mito-chondrial permeability transition pore

NCLX:

Na+/Ca2+ exchanger

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  1. Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia

    K. N. Belosludtsev, N. V. Belosludtseva & G. D. Mironova

  2. Mari State University, 424000, Yoshkar-Ola, Russia

    K. N. Belosludtsev & M. V. Dubinin

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  1. K. N. Belosludtsev
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Russian Text © The Author(s), 2019, published in Biokhimiya, 2019, Vol. 84, No. 6, pp. 759-775.

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Belosludtsev, K.N., Dubinin, M.V., Belosludtseva, N.V. et al. Mitochondrial Ca2+ Transport: Mechanisms, Molecular Structures, and Role in Cells. Biochemistry Moscow 84, 593–607 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006297919060026

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